March of the Titans

[Stefanus]

March of the Titans
A History Of The White Race

Chapter 16 : Racial Cauldron - Rome and the Near Middle East

The story of Roman expansion to the east is no less dramatic than that of its extension to the west - the major difference was that in racial terms, the effect of occupying areas to the east was far greater than the areas in the west.

In fact, it was the extension of the Empire to the east which ultimately led to its downfall, for through the inclusion of eastern territories, vast numbers of people were drawn into Rome who shared a different genetic inheritance than the original founders - unlike the situation in the West.

Once again, as had been the case with every great civilization before it, Rome fell because the original people who created the Empire disappeared: submerged into a mass of foreigners - replaced by immigrants and the descendants of slaves brought in from all over North Africa, the wider Mediterranean and the Middle and Near East.

Above: The full extent of the Roman Empire in the east is shown here: From the Tigris-Euphrates Rivers to the southern reaches of the Nile - in this way masses of mixed race peoples from this region were given access to Rome itself.

RACIAL DEVELOPMENTS IN THE EAST PRIOR TO THE ROMAN EXPANSION

Prior to the Roman expansion into the Middle and Near East, the process of racial integration in that region had proceeded apace. Original Nordic Indo-European and Old European Mediterranean types had all but vanished by the year 100 BC. In the space of a few hundred years, large numbers of Indo-Europeans had been completely submerged into the far faster breeding Semitic, Arabic and Asian elements filling up the Middle and Near East.


PERSIANS

For example, the Indo-European Persians reached Azerbaijan around the year 900 BC, closely followed by their racial kinsmen, the Medes. The Persians, being far more numerous, overpowered the Medes, and between them these two tribes ruled a large swathe of territory covering modern day Iran, a large part of Iraq and other land extending as far as modern southern Turkey.

In 600 BC, Persian envoys visited India, and their visit was recorded in a series of paintings made by Indian artists in Bombay (and which are on view to this day in the famous Ajanta caves outside that city). The racial make-up of the envoys tells a story all of its own: of the three Persians depicted, one has blond hair and blue eyes, a second has dark hair and blue eyes, while the third has dark hair, dark eyes and is obviously more Semitic in appearance. This is a good indicator of the racial demographics at work in Persia at this time.

This was the case across the Near East - the Nordic Indo-European tribes and the Old European Mediterranean peoples, who had together provided the impetus for the great ancient civilizations, had to all practical purposes disappeared by the time that the Romans started pushing east. Today, scattered light colored eyes and light hair amongst the overwhelmingly Arabic population of the Near East are the only reminders of the ancient rulers of this territory.


ASIA MINOR (TURKEY)

The result of the centuries of mixing in the Middle East was that when the Romans extended their borders, they occupied large areas populated either by Semites, Arabics, Asians, or in the majority of cases, already very mixed race populations.

The strange act of the king of Pergamum willing his state to the Romans in 133 BC, started the Romans off on their occupation of the East. A part of western Turkey (called Western Ciciia at the time) was next to be annexed by Rome as part of an anti-piracy campaign in 102 BC. Shortly thereafter Ptolemaic Egypt and the states of central Anatolia (eastern Turkey) became formal vassals of Rome, officially falling under the latter's protection.

A belligerent and typically mixed race Middle Eastern people, the Pontus, invaded from the east in 110 BC, and swept through much of northern Turkey and territory around the Black Sea, including Crimea, and eventually penetrated part of Roman ruled Greece. Spurred into action, the Romans under the Emperor Sulla attacked - the defeat of the Pontus caused northern Turkey and large parts of the Black Sea basin to become Roman provinces.

Although a peace treaty was signed, by 66 BC, hostilities between Rome and the Pontus had once again broken out. This time the Roman general Pompey made short work of his enemies, defeating and formally annexing those parts of the Pontus kingdom, extending Rome's reach into the southern part of Crimea and putting a bridgehead into the Caucasus region between the Black and Caspian seas.


SYRIA, NORTH AFRICA AND SPAIN

To the south, Syria was made a Roman province, along with Palestine and even a slice of the Arabian peninsula extending nearly half way down the Red Sea, including for the first time vast numbers of Arabic Semites in their original homeland in the Arabian peninsula.

In 50 BC, Caesar swept to power in Rome. General Pompey gathered together an army in Greece to try and destroy the usurper, but with the help of his 6,000 German mercenaries, Caesar's forces comfortably defeated Pompey in the battle of Pharsus in 48 BC.

From Greece, Caesar went on to march right through the East (47 BC), North Africa (46 BC) and Spain, whose Celts had gone into revolt after being occupied by Caesar's armies for the first time in 49 BC.

With the exception of Spain and parts of Greece, all of the areas collected into Caesar's grasp by his astounding series of military campaigns, had non-White majorities.

Caesar's successors tampered with other parts of the Near and Middle East. Octavian Augustus reinforced Roman rule in Turkey and extended the Empire's borders deep into the Caucasus, with Roman vassal states extending as far as a few hundred kilometers from the Caspian Sea.

Above: The Roman city of Timgad, in modern day Algeria, stands today as a massive ruin - but when the Romans occupied the region it was one of their major centers on the North African coast outside of Carthage. The Romans gave the name of Africa to their province in the region - and that was how the entire continent got its name. However, the province of Africa was the first step in the undoing of the Roman Empire: as it spread its borders ever more eastward, it started incorporating more and more non-Roman - and non-White peoples into its borders. This infusion of non-Roman peoples was to eventually cause the Empire itself to lose its racial homogeneity, and fall.

The infiltration of Roman society
by individuals born in all corners
of the world was exemplified by
the emperor Philip (244 - 249 AD).
Born in the Roman province of
Arabia, in what today is the village
of Shahba, roughly 55 miles south-
southeast of Damascus, Philip's
father was a prominent local man,
Julius Marinus, who had been
awarded Roman citizenship and
was thus not a native born Roman.
Nothing is known of Philip's mother.
Known as 'Philip the Arabian', Philip
was an emperor who was clearly
not of pure European descent: this
bust accurately captures his short
'peppercorn' hair, an obvious sign
of non-White ancestry. Vatican
Museum, Rome.

ROMANIZING PROCESS IMPLEMENTED

The vast numbers of Arabic Semites and mixed races included in the new regions in the Middle East and North Africa were all put through the customary Romanizing process. Within the space of a few decades they were allowed to elect senators to the Roman senate in Rome - their sheer weight of numbers soon meant that true Romans quickly made up a minority of senators in the capital of the Empire.

It takes no imagination to understand how the relatively small group of original Romans soon lost control of the racial make-up of Rome under these conditions.

It was, simply put, demographically impossible for the Romans alone to supply the manpower to run such a vast area. They were forced to Romanize the local population and recruit soldiers and tradesmen from the local populations.

Very often only the most senior civil servants in the Roman provinces were actually originally from Rome - and in a very many cases, even they too were supplanted in the course of time by locals.

Eventually the logical step was taken by the Emperor Caracalla in 212 AD, when he gave all free men in the Empire Roman citizenship, the racial implications of which were huge and which have already been discussed. (Caracalla was himself born of a Roman family in Africa and a Syrian mother - his own dubious citizenship status may have played a role in his decision to extend citizenship to all).


PALESTINE - JEWS PETITION FOR INCLUSION

The Jewish tribes in Palestine (who were originally a Semitic tribe, but had, like almost all the peoples in that region, been fairly heavily mixed with other racial groups over the course of time) had been independent since shaking off the declining Seleucid kingdom in 129 BC.

This Jewish kingdom was divided into three after the death of their king Herod in 4 BC, with the largest portion, Judea, becoming a Roman province in 4 AD - after a period of anarchy which saw the Jews petition Rome for inclusion as a province into the Empire.


REVOLT IN SYRIA

In 66 BC, the by now mixed race Parthians (in modern day Syria, Iran and Iraq) went into open revolt against Roman Rule. They were quickly followed by the Jews who soon grew tired of their Roman protectors. A Roman general in charge of one of the armies in Palestine, Vespian, suppressed the Jewish revolt, and fought his way back to Rome to suppress the anarchy and civil strife which followed the suicide of Nero.

Taking advantage of the political and military chaos in Rome, the Parthian revolt succeeded. A large slice of modern day Iraq and all of Iran became independent of Roman rule. The only consolation for the Empire was that Roman vassal kingdoms now extended as far as the Caspian Sea itself, although this occurred at the cost of territory to the north.

The Roman Emperor Trajan (98 - 117 AD) managed to turn the tables on the Parthians, invading their territory with revitalized Roman legions employing a large number of German and Gaul mercenaries. Trajan reached as far east as the Tigris and Euphrates river basin, in what is today Kuwait.

The very next emperor, Hadrian, realized that the Roman legions were over extending themselves, and embarked upon a deliberate program of withdrawal and consolidation - the Roman armies, which had now followed Alexander the Great's footsteps, were withdrawn to the easternmost point of the Euphrates river, near the present day Turkish border.

GREEKS AND ROMANS PRETENDING TO BE ANCIENT EGYPTIANS Above: Very often confusion exists in the public mind over what exactly was ancient Egyptian and what was not. This is understandable if this scene above, is studied. Appearing to be a relief from Egyptian antiquity, it is in fact a representation of Cleopatra and Julius Caesar, with their son, Caesarion, in miniature between them. The relief was made during Caesar's lifetime - circa 45 BC. Cleopatra was the last of the Macedonian (Greek) leaders of Egypt, the last of the Ptolemies, a dynasty set up by one of Alexander the Great's generals. The Ptolemies took on the ways and customs of the ancient Egyptians, even down to art and dress. This then is the reason why this apparently ancient Egyptian image of Julius Caesar exists to this day at the Temple of Hathor in Dendra, Egypt.

ROMAN CONTROL STARTS DISINTEGRATING

After 200 AD, the pressures on Rome began to increase: on the northern borders with Germania, the last of the great Indo-European invasions was creating a new and powerful force - the Goths. Arriving in ever increasing numbers, they raided Roman outposts in Gaul and crossed the Danube in several places. Some of their racial cousins created a Gothic power in southern Russia, which also beat upon the doors of the Roman Empire in the Black Sea basin. Relying on their mixed race vassals and seriously outnumbered legions, the Romans barely clung to their strong points under the new wave of invaders.

DARK FACES IN ROMAN EGYPT Above: Roman controlled Egypt became one of the prime examples of how non-Whites filled up the borders of the Roman Empire after that nation annexed the Middle East. Alongside is a coffin - and a detail from the occupant's portrait - dating from circa 100 - 200AD in Roman Egypt. The face of the occupant shows the very clear effects of racial mixing - slowly but surely the non-White element of the lands in the Middle Eastern part of the Roman Empire grew and seeped towards Rome itself. In this way the White Romans were soon overwhelmed in all their eastern held territories by largely mixed race populations.

In the east, a new unity was developing. The Parthians were overthrown, not by Romans, but by the by now mixed race Persians, who began to make excursions into Roman territory. Around 258 AD, the Persians broke the power of many important Roman vassal states. The Kingdom of Armenia was overrun, then Syria and Antioch itself was sacked in 260 AD.

In 268 AD, the Syrians seceded from the Empire and Roman forces in Egypt lost control over the southernmost parts of that land. The Eastern Empire seemed on the point of collapse under the pressure of native rebellions combined with the inability of the locally recruited mixed race Roman armies to fight off the continual rebellions.

Just how far the Roman Empire extended eastwards is shown by this Roman bridge over the Tigris River at the village of Zakhu in present day Iraq. The Roman Empire used a large number of German mercenaries in the Tigris/ Euphrates river valley as part of their occupying army. Pure Roman types were too few to majority occupy the region, with the result that it was not that long before the Romans became submerged into the local largely mixed race population.

GERMANS IN MESOPOTAMIA

Raising new mercenary armies in Gaul and from the Germans, the Roman general Caesar Galerius pursued a successful war against Persia in 297 AD, occupying half of Mesopotamia. This remained the eastern frontier of the Empire until 626 AD, when the Persians once again forced a contraction of the Eastern Empire's borders.

By 626 AD the Roman Empire had been divided into two, an Eastern and a Western half. Like the Western Romans, the Romans in the Eastern Empire barely resembled the original Romans, and relied greatly on German and even Viking mercenaries (the Eastern Roman Emperor's private guard was composed exclusively of Viking mercenaries) to hold their borders against the continual battering by their by then equally mixed race Persian enemies.

The Eastern Empire and the Persians were kept so busy in a long drawn out war that neither of them took any notice - till it was too late - of the rise of the power of Islam in the south, a power which would not only sweep them away but provide the single greatest threat to Europe itself for hundreds of years to come.

[Stefanus]

March of the Titans
A History Of The White Race

Chapter 17 : Christianity - By Stealth and Steel - Part Ia

Although originating within the Semitic world, the religion of Christianity has played such a major role in the post Roman European world that its origins must be clearly dealt with for the sake of understanding its later influence.

Religion in pre-Christian times had never been any coherent or single theme or involved in the worship of any particular God or set of gods - the only strand of coherence in it came after the time of Octavian Augustus, when the notion of an emperor came into being.


PONTIFEX MAXIMUS - AN IMPORTANT POSITION

After Octavian, all the Roman emperors were known by the title of Pontifex Maximus - "chief priest" - of whatever particular cult happened to be the most popular at that time, or indeed of any number of cults which were in existence at any given time. This status of the emperor as chief priest of what was deemed to be the unofficial state religion or religions of the time, was to have major consequences: very often a cult either gained or lost popularity solely because of the emperor's interest in it.

The earliest example there is of this phenomenon occurred when Caesar was still in office. At one stage his mistress, the Macedonian queen of Egypt, Cleopatra, visited Rome, and the sheer presence of somebody thought to be from Egypt (she was of course not of Egyptian stock but actually Macedonian) sparked off a revival in the ancient Egyptian cult of Isis.


PALESTINE

Following the conquests of Alexander the Great, Palestine had been ruled intermittently by either the Greek Ptolemies or by the Greek Seleucids, both led by descendants of Alexander's generals. The Semitic speaking peoples living in Palestine were known as Jews, a tribe which had been in existence for many centuries prior to this.

What set the Jews apart from their neighbors was their religion - the concept of monotheism, of one God, Jahweh or Jehovah, was central to the Jewish religion. This stood in marked contrast to other religions of the time, which almost all propagated a pantheon of gods, sometimes dozens of gods, each looking after a particular aspect of life on earth and in the beyond. It was while under the rule of the Seleucids that the great temple in Jerusalem was built as a center for the Jewish religion, a surviving wall of which is today known as the Wailing Wall.


SELEUCID RULE IN PALESTINE

While being ruled by the Seleucids, many Jews began to take on the ways and even language of their rulers: Greek. This led them into conflict with the more nationalistic Jews, and a minor skirmish broke out between the two groups of Jews in 168 BC. This provoked the Seleucids into responding. They ordered the Jewish temple in Jerusalem to be stripped of its Judaic artifacts and dedicated to the worship of the Greek God Zeus.

The Jews rebelled at this order, and after a military conflict, were able to exact a recognition of Jewish independence from the Seleucidian representative in Syria in 142 BC, although proper independence is said to have started in 129 BC. The leader of the Jewish rebels was one Judas Maccabeus, and he became the first Jewish king in Palestine, creating the Maccabean dynasty which lasted until 64 BC.


ROMANS INVITED INTO PALESTINE

Like so many other states in the region, the Jewish state was continually wracked by internal dissent and rebellion, and in the midst of a self imposed civil war, certain Jews appealed for help from the Roman general Pompey (who was completing the Roman conquest of Turkey and Syria at the time). Pompey agreed to help - although in reality this help meant occupying Palestine as a Roman protectorate in 64 BC.

True to long established practice, the Romans immediately began trying to Romanize the Jews and recruiting locals to run the province - in this way the Roman senate appointed the Jew Herod as king of Judea in 37 BC. He ruled until his death in 4 BC. Even during the reign of king Herod, the Jewish state was still wracked by internal dissension and it fell apart after his death, being then ruled in part by Roman governors.


JEWS MOVE TO ROME - THE FIRST EXPULSION

Above: The hilltop fort of Masada, Israel. During the course of the Jewish rebellion (which started in 68 AD), Roman legions occupied Jerusalem in 70 AD. They drove out or killed the Jews in the city, and about 1,000 remaining Jewish rebels fled to the remote mountain fort. Undeterred, the Romans followed them and laid siege to the rebel stronghold. After a two year siege, during which the Romans built a massive earth ramp all the way up the one side of the mountain, all but seven of the Jews committed suicide rather than be taken alive, fully aware of the fate that awaited them should they be captured by the avenging Romans.

During this time some Jews immigrated to Rome itself, making use of the traditional lack of control over entry into the city.

However, their presence in Rome aroused even amongst the fairly easy going Romans a marked anti-Semitism, and in the year AD 19, the Jews were to experience for the first time a situation with which they would later become familiar - in that year the Roman Emperor Tiberius formally barred all Jews from Rome and deported all those he could find in the city.

This ban on Jews only lasted a few years, and it was not long before they, along with ever increasing numbers of other foreigners from all parts of the empire, once again took up residence in Rome. By this time Jews had started settling in other parts of the Middle East, Asia Minor, North Africa and Egypt, in each of these places attracting the enmity of the local populations.


JEWISH REVOLT IN PALESTINE

In Palestine itself, dissension was however always brewing, and in 66 AD, the Jews rebelled against Roman rule. In that year the Roman garrison in Jerusalem was slaughtered and a revolt spread to all parts of the province.

The Jewish hatred for the original Roman Empire was well documented, to the point where the famous English historian Edward Gibbon, in his classic work, The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (Lippincourt, Philadelphia, 1878, vol. 2, page 4) had the following to say:

"From the reign of Nero to that of Antinious Pious, the Jews discovered a fierce impatience with the dominance of Rome, which repeatedly broke out in the most furious massacres and insurrections. Humanity is shocked at the recital of horrid cruelties which they committed in the cities of Egypt, of Cyria, and of Cyrene, where they dwelt in treacherous friendship with the unsuspecting natives; and we are tempted to applaud the severe retaliation which was exercised by the arms of the Legions against a race of fanatics whose dire and credulous superstition seemed to render them the implacable enemies not only of the Roman government, but of all human kind."

It was therefore not surprising that the Romans sent an army to quell a new uprising in 68 AD, finally driving the last of the Jewish rebels into the mountain top fort of Masada, which finally fell after a two year siege in 73 AD.

After the fall of Masada, Palestine then remained under nominal Roman control, first as part of the Western Roman Empire, and then as part of the Eastern Roman Empire, until the rise of Islam some 800 years later.

Above: The Emperor Titus - conqueror of the Jews and destroyer of Jerusalem in 70 AD. In 68 AD, the Jews rebelled against Roman rule, despite having originally asked the Romans to occupy that land to bring order and peace to it. Roman revenge for the Jewish vacillation was severe - the Jews were forbidden to enter Jerusalem upon pain of death and dispersed from Palestine in a movement known as the Diaspora.

THE JEWISH DIASPORA 70 AD

As a result of the AD 70 rebellion, the Jews were scattered throughout the then known world in a movement known as the Diaspora. A large number went north into southern Russia, mixing with local tribes along the way (the most important of which were a Asiatic/Mediterranean mixed tribe known as the Khazars) and eventually penetrating into eastern and central Europe. A number of Jews went out along Turkey and settled in Rome itself, while a small number settled in Gaul.

The Jews who went north and eventually west into Europe intermixed with many local White tribes along the way, to the point where today the Jews as a racial group are very diverse, with some being very White and others still showing distinct "dark" Semitic racial traits. However, not all Jews went north - a significant portion of Jews went west along the North African coast, setting up Jewish communities all the way to Tunisia, and finally crossing into southern Spain.

Above: The crushing of the Jewish revolt in 66 AD by a Roman army was commemorated as a great feat of arms. On the Arch of Titus, erected in Rome and still standing to this day, Roman soldiers are shown bringing Jewish trophies (note the menorah, the seven candles, taken from the Jewish temple in Jerusalem) back to Rome.

ASHKENAZIM AND SEPHARDIM

The Jews who went to Europe via the east absorbed a substantial amount of European blood - they became the Ashkenazim, or European Jews. Those who settled in North Africa became known as the Sephardim.

This division in Jewry exists to this day, and is most marked in Israel where the two communities, the Ashkenazim or "light" Jews and the Sephardim or "dark" Jews (dark because they did not mix with the number of Europeans that the Ashkenazim did) even tend to vote for different Israeli political parties. Only their unique religion has kept them bound together after a fashion, although even this is divided into sub-sects.


JUDAISM - UNIQUELY RACIAL

From this Semitic tribe, the religion of Christianity was to spring, although its adherents were at first fiercely persecuted by the Jewish religious leaders. The Jewish religion had one particularly unique trait - it was the first specifically racial religion.

Judaism has kept this trait to this day and which has played a major role in preserving Jewish identity through centuries of dispersion and persecution.

The uniqueness of the Jewish God was that he was a God only for the Jews - while all other gods could be worshiped by anybody, the Jewish God was an ethnocentric being - specifically designed only for Jews. Biological laws of descent were built into Judaism as divinely inspired laws of who could be a Jew - to this day the rule is that only someone born of a Jewish mother can be a Jew.

While some less strict Jewish communities have relaxed this rule to allow conversions from other faiths, the orthodox Jewish community follows this law to the letter - laid down in the Talmud, the Jewish Holy Book. This is followed to the point where citizenship of Israel in present times is based on descent and not national origin.


ESSENES - ORIGINS OF CHRISTIANITY

While this racial religion unquestionably helped to preserve the Jewish identity, it irked some Jews, who objected to the blatant chauvinism of the Jewish God, Jahweh. This group of Jews, around the year 100 BC, founded a new sect, loosely based on parts of the Talmud and introducing some of their own thoughts on religion: they established a God who could be for all people, not just Jews.

This group of Jews became known as the Essenes. Using parts of the Talmud (the most noted being the book of Isaiah, which later became part of the Christian Old Testament as well), the Essenes developed a whole series of books relating to morals and lifestyles (including a monastic tradition). They were pacifist and even claimed to have had a leader who had been killed and then rose from the dead.

However, the universality of their version of Jahweh - that he was a God for all people, not just for the Jews - remained their biggest point of difference with mainstream Judaism.

This ideological conflict with mainstream Judaism eventually brought the Essenes into open conflict with their fellow Jews, and the traditional rabbinical leaders urged the Jews to stamp out the new cult. Although it is not recorded what happened to the Essenes, the Jewish leaders were only successful in suppressing them in Judea (they were forced to hide their holy books in caves around the Dead Sea. It was these books which were discovered by chance in 1947 and which have become known as the Dead Sea Scrolls).

Above: The Book of Isaiah, as laid out in the Dead Sea Scrolls, discovered in Palestine in 1947. They are the holy books of a sub-sect of Jews called the Essenes, who lived in the first century BC. The Essenes were persecuted by other Jews, who disagreed violently with the Essene belief that the Jewish God, Yahweh, was actually a God for all people, and not just the Jews. Many of the concepts which were later to become fundamental to Christianity were contained in the Essene religion - the Essenes even had an allegorical story about a wise prophet who was killed and then rose from the dead, known to them as the "Teacher of Righteousness". This story was clearly the role model for the future figure of Jesus Christ.

The Essene tradition however lived on amongst a small group of Jews, most of whom eventually left Palestine for more receptive ears elsewhere in the Roman Empire. It is clear that the religion which became known as Christianity originated in the ideas that the Essenes first developed. Mixed with the original Indo-Aryan Zoroastrian based concept of heaven and hell (which does not feature in the Old Testament at all) and the story of a leader who was killed and rose from the dead, the Essene religion was reworked and reformulated until it finally became Christianity.


JESUS CHRIST - NO CONTEMPORARY EVIDENCE

The first source of information about the person who became known as Jesus Christ are the Gospels which make up the first four books of the Christian New Testament. As these works only appeared some 80 to 120 years after Christ's supposed death, there is thus no contemporary evidence showing the existence of Jesus Christ, an important but little known fact.

The person who was deified by Christianity to become the Son of God, is most probably a composite character based on the stories and myths surrounding several of the leaders of the Essenes, particularly the one whom the Essenes claimed had been killed and had risen from the dead, and whom they called the "Teacher of Righteousness."

The first time that the name Jesus Christ appears in any Roman records (and they were generally meticulous in record keeping) is the book The Jewish Wars, by Josephus, a Romanized Jew, who was commissioned to write a history of the Jewish rebellion (this excellent work is still available today).

Josephus' work was first published in 90 AD. In the book, Josephus makes mention of a small sect of Jews who claim to follow a messiah figure called Jesus, but the mention is brief and in passing.

In any event, by the time of Christ's alleged death (supposedly 33 AD) Christianity had very few followers, especially amongst the Jews themselves, who regarded the Christian philosophy as nothing but a reworking of the Essene cult, and did their best to silence it. It is therefore clear that Christianity, as a religion, originated from Jewish mythology.


SAUL ALIAS PAUL

One of the most zealous of these persecutors of the Essene ideology was a Jew by the name of Saul. At some stage, according to the Christian Bible, Saul experienced a vision and was himself converted to the cult that he had been persecuting. Saul then immediately changed his name to Paul and set off on long evangelistic tours of Asia Minor, Cyprus and Greece, attracting small bands of followers and writing proselytizing pieces along the way.

Returning to preach in Jerusalem, he was violently attacked by fellow Jews and was imprisoned for two years. Following an appeal to the Roman emperor he was transferred to Rome in 60 AD. Placed under house arrest, he was eventually beheaded by the Emperor Nero, who developed a particular hatred for the new cult.

Saul (Paul) however did much to create the groundwork for Christianity. Many of his writings were later taken to have been inspired by the Christian God and were taken up into the New Testament.


PERSECUTION OF THE CHRISTIANS

The official Roman attitude to religions was one of tolerance, except where they were openly subversive to Roman rule. Followers of early Christianity refused to take part in any state ceremonies (viewing them as pagan) and would not serve in the army or hold public office - all echoing the Essene beliefs of a century earlier.

Faced with this attitude (which was compounded by a serious general problem in finding enough recruits for the army), the Roman leadership began a program of persecution against the Christians, hoping to stamp them out.

The first major campaign was launched by the Emperor Decius in 250 AD, and the last by Diocletian in 302 AD. This was the time when many Christians were made to face lions in the arenas of Rome, along with criminals and other captives.

Left: The Roman Emperor Nero, who reigned from 37 AD to 68 AD. Nero was a great persecutor of Christianity, overseeing the throwing of Christians to the lions in the Coliseum, amongst other things. As a result, all Judeo-Christian historical accounts of him are very biased, accusing him of all manner of deeds such as the murder of his mother and wife.

In July 64 AD, two-thirds of Rome burned while Nero was at Antium. Christian biased versions of history have usually held that he either set the fire - something that was impossible, as he was not present - or having played the fiddle while Rome burned. In fact the fiddle was not invented until 1500 years after his death. Nero claimed to have proof that Christians had set the fire, and persecuted them even more vigorously after the event. In contrast to his (Christian generated) image of an uncaring madman, he ordered that all the people made homeless as a result of the fire be housed and provided with grain, all at state expense. He then had the city rebuilt with fire precautions.

Nero was also an accomplished artist and man of letters, and personally acted in several important plays of the time. He was also Emperor when the Jewish revolt in Palestine broke out, another reason for the Judeo-Christian tradition of hatred for him. As a result of internal politics, in 68 AD, the Gallic and Spanish legions, along with the Praetorian Guards, rose against him, and he fled Rome. Declared a public enemy by the Senate, he committed suicide on 9 June 68 AD.

Persecution had however the opposite effect on a religion which thrived on martyrdom - after all, its leader had allegedly been martyred by the pagan Romans as well. Nonetheless, the new cult's missionaries - who started calling themselves Christians as the story about Jesus was built up over several years - did in fact not have things all their own way. The Christian religion did battle with a number of other religions in the Middle East and in the Roman Empire - only growing to be a large enough factor after 300 AD, when the Emperor Galerius issued an Edict of Toleration in 311, making Christianity legal in the Eastern part of the Empire.


CONSTANTINE'S CONVERSION

The Roman Emperor Constantine (308 - 337 AD), while engaged in a battle with a rival claimant to the throne in 312 AD, claimed to have had a vision of a cross in the sky, above which were written the words "In Hoc Signo Vinces" - In this sign you will win. He allegedly took this as a sign from the Christian God that he would win if he converted to Christianity.

Constantine did win, and did officially convert to Christianity. How true this story is and how much of it is fabrication is hard to tell. Possibly the only thing we can say is that it seems highly unlikely that any supernatural sky writing took place, and more possibly a bit of imagination took over in the heat of battle.

Constantine then went on to issue the Edict of Milan in 313 AD, which legalized Christianity throughout the Empire and placed it on a par with all other religions - and he himself, as emperor, became Pontifex Maximus of Christianity in particular. With the conversion of the Emperor of Rome to Christianity, the by now established pattern of following the emperor's lead in religious matters came to play, and almost overnight Christianity became one of the most popular religions within the Roman Empire.


"DONATION OF CONSTANTINE" - ONE OF THE GREATEST FABRICATIONS OF ALL TIME

Constantine's conversion to Christianity is still shrouded in mystery and led to the most famous forgery in European history, that which became known as the Donation of Constantine. This document purports to be a signed document by Constantine and its principal feature is to grant the bishop of Rome - the Pope - temporal authority over the city of Rome and the entire Roman Empire.

Although there are many glaring factual errors in the text of the document, which by themselves show the document to be a forgery, the Donation of Constantine was accepted as genuine until the 15th Century, and used by the Catholic Church to claim political power in not only the Roman Empire but also ultimately in all nominally Christian lands.

Eventually the Donation of Constantine was rejected as false - but by then the Church had established itself in almost all of Europe, power founded on a forgery.

[Stefanus]

March of the Titans
A History Of The White Race

Chapter 17 : Christianity - By Stealth and Steel - Part Ib

JULIAN THE APOSTATE TRIES TO STEM CHRISTIANITY

This trend was dramatically reversed by one of Constantine's successors, the Emperor Julian (called Julian the Apostate for his rejection of Christianity). Julian was no Christian, and simply overturned Constantine's adoption of Christianity as the state religion.

In doing this, Julian officially declared the pagan religions to be the official Roman state religion, relegating Christianity to cult status once again. The European religions suddenly gained the upper hand and Christianity started declining as quickly as it had risen.

The manner in which Julian reversed the Christianizing process serves as an excellent instruction in the arbitrary way in which the personal wishes of the emperor could influence the whole empire. Overnight, Julian changed the Roman Empire back into a pagan value system.

Above: The Emperor Julian, nephew of the Christianizer Constantine, was raised as a Christian, but always secretly abhorred that religion and favored the old true Roman gods. When he became Emperor in 361 he overturned his uncle's decision to favor Christianity, and very nearly halted the progress of that religion. Here Julian is pictured, on the right, with his advisors - all hand picked so as to be non-Christians. His successors were however Christians and they undid his reforms.

After Julian's death, however, the next emperor was again a Christian, and converted the empire back into a formal Christian state. The result was that from the year 395 AD Christianity became the legal, sole and official religion of the Roman Empire - about 500 years after many of its principles were crystallized by the Essenes and nearly 400 years after the leader whose name it took was alleged to have lived.


CHRISTIANITY THE YOUNGEST RELIGION

It is a sobering thought for many Christians today who presume their religion has been in existence since the start of the world, to realize that Christianity only in fact became widely known in southern Europe some 1,700 years ago, and was only accepted in northern Europe many hundreds of years after that, with the last northern European country to formally adopt Christianity being Iceland, around the year 1,000 AD.

Put another way - compared to the time frame of the existence of records of the White race - a little over 35,000 years - Christianity represents less than the last six percent this time.


THE EVOLUTION OF THE POPE

Each major town throughout the Roman world was assigned a Christian leader, called a bishop. Gradually the Bishop at Rome came to be recognized as the most important and assumed the title of "Pope" (from the Greek word meaning father).

By the seventh century AD, the Bishop of Rome, the Pope, had become the spiritual leader of all Christendom and was in possession of great political power - aided by the forged Donation of Constantine. The Pope even adopted the Roman Emperors' color - purple - which to this day remains the most used color in the Catholic church.


DISPUTES ALMOST IMMEDIATE

Although there was initially only one Christian church - the Catholic church - disputes over the interpretations attached to the new cult broke out almost immediately amongst its supporters. As Christianity spread after its legalization in 313 AD, it became more and more disorganized, with serious disputes erupting amongst the various missionaries as to the true version of the creation and purpose of the new God.

One of the biggest clashes was over the concept of what was called "Arianism," (named after Arius, a Christian leader in Alexandria) or the relative position of the three components of the Christian Trinity: God, Christ and the Holy Ghost. The belief that all three of these beings were one and the same thing was challenged by Arius who argued that the Christ figure could not be God as well.

So serious was this dispute taken that the Emperor Constantine called a special meeting of all the major leaders of the religion in 325 AD, to the now famous Council of Nicaea, to discuss the problem.

At the council of Nicaea it was decided that the Arian doctrine was ungodly, and declared a heresy, with its proponents being persecuted in the name of the new God - the first of many such repressive tactics to be used by the Christian church.


THE BIBLE CREATED

However, several other disputes over doctrine made the religious leaders at Nicaea realize that if some weighty final word on the outline of their belief was not forthcoming, the religion could splinter into factions. The problem was that there was no such manual or holy book in existence - the leaders then took it upon themselves to create such a book. For this purpose they turned to whatever texts they could find.

The books now contained in the Old Testament were largely oral before 300 BC, although some had been written down by Jewish rabbis. Through contact with Jews in Ptolemaic Egypt, King Ptolemy II of Philadelphus (285-246 BC) is credited with ordering the translation of the Jewish religious books into Greek.

The Christian version of the Old Testament was only established as a comprehensive work by the scribe Origen around 250 AD, and up until that time only loose translations of the Ptolemaic Greek work formed the basis of Christian teachings.

The origins of the New Testament are very vague. By the end of the first century AD, the writings of Saul/Paul (called the Pauline Epistles) consisting of letters to the various Christian communities in Asia Minor and Rome had been established as a collection of inspired works. The gospels which make up the first part of the New Testament only emerged after the writings of Saul/Paul had become well known, and long after his death.

This is evidenced by the fact that in Paul's writings there is no mention of any other new testament book or gospel, as well as the account of what Jesus did on the night he was "betrayed" (1: Cor. 11:23) which differs substantially from the Gospel version as recounted in the Matthew, Mark, Luke and John versions.

It is clear that if the four gospels were in existence at the time when Saul/Paul wrote his epistles (around the year 55 AD), he would have at least mentioned them, or very likely have even quoted from them. The earliest existent gospel consists of fragments of the Gospel of John, dating from about 100 AD, and which is in Greek.

By 200 AD, the Church had developed the New Testament in its present form, although still written in various languages, including Greek and Hebrew, apart from the Book of Revelations. Where this last chapter came from no-one knows for sure, but by the 4th Century it had been included in the New Testament anyway.

The compilation of the New Testament omitted several early Christian manuscripts which did not fit in with the other books. The most famous of these "left out" books is the Gospel of St. Thomas, probably because the events described therein are at quite some variance with the events described in the four more well known gospels.

The Council of Nicaea went a long way to formalizing the Bible as Christians know it today - all in an attempt to prevent the church from splitting again as it nearly did over the Arian controversy. In this attempt they were to fail, and some of the most grievous conflicts to come in Europe would be precisely over different interpretations of the Bible.


THE SPREAD OF CHRISTIANITY - RESISTED BY BALTS, SLAVS AND GERMANS

When the Roman Empire in the West collapsed (see chapter 18) Christianity had been spread throughout its former dominions, with the exception of the Germans, the Balts, and a significant section of the Slavs.

The Germanic tribes, who participated in the sacking of Rome at the formal end of that empire, did not destroy the Roman Catholic Church alongside with the Roman state, partly as a result of them viewing the religion of Rome as being part of the great original cultural tradition of that Empire - which it was not.

The leader of the church in Rome, the Pope, therefore survived the Germanic invasions, and went on to become an important political player in his own right.

The Church itself lost no time in sending Christian missionaries to the pagan tribes, the most famous of them being Wufilas (311 - 383 AD) who worked amongst the Visigoths.

Another famous missionary was Patrick, who although born in Britain, went to Ireland and became the Christianizer of that island, later being made a saint by the church for his efforts.


BRITAIN REVERTS TO PAGANISM

Although the last of the Romans had introduced Christianity to the British Isles, that land was invaded by pagan Germans - Angles and Saxons - after the Roman collapse - and as a result the British mainland became pagan once again. Christianity only survived in the Celtic fringes of Ireland and Wales.

The Catholic Church sent a missionary, St. Augustine, to Britain from Rome in 597 AD and managed to convert the first Anglo Saxon ruler to Christianity, causing Roman Catholicism to spread throughout Britain. Britain in turn gave rise to the missionary, St. Boniface, who spent 35 years amongst the German tribes on the mainland of Europe before the pagans managed to kill him in 755 AD.

Catholic missionaries were also active amongst the Germanic tribes living in Scandinavia, but met with much less success than in Britain or Central Europe.

Above: The coming of Christianity to Britain - for the second time. First introduced by the Romans, the Christian religion then faded away with the invasion of that land by pagan Saxons and other Germanics following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire. A Christian missionary, St. Augustine, arrived on British shores in 597 AD, sent by the Pope to try and Christianize the British population. He was fortunate in receiving the aid of the King Ethelbert and his queen, Bertha, and managed to establish a significant Christian following in that land. Here Augustine is pictured preaching to a Saxon king and his entourage - at that stage all were still Odin worshipers.

THE FRANKS

The Franks were a Germanic tribe who had emerged from northern Europe to occupy much of what is today Germany and France. With the fall of the Roman Empire, the Frankish tribes had set up small kingdoms scattered up and down the length and breadth of these two territories.

One of the most important conversions to Christianity on the mainland of Europe was the first king of the Franks, Clovis I, in 496 AD. Using his new found religious zeal, Clovis invaded the Visigoth Empire in 507 AD, causing them to abandon that part of France they had occupied after the fall of Rome and retreat to Spain.

The Frankish king, Pepin the Short, reigned from 741 to 768 AD and was notable for being the first ruler of France to receive from the Bishop of Rome an official sanction to his kingship - the first of many times that the Pope would see fit to approve leaders of states in the name of God. Pepin was crowned by the English missionary, St. Boniface, acting on behalf of the Pope, in 752 AD.

In 768, Pepin's son, Charlemagne (Charles the Great), inherited the Frankish kingdom. It was this king who was directly responsible for the introduction of Christianity to the Germans.

Above: The sword and the cross:
Charlemagne, a bloodthirsty
Christian evangelist. The Frankish
king was directly responsible for
the forced and violent introduction
of Christianity to much of Western
Europe. This he achieved by killing
all the pagans who did not want to
convert to Christianity.

GENOCIDAL EVANGELISM - CHARLEMAGNE ORGANIZES THE MURDER OF ALL NON-CHRISTIANS UNDER HIS CONTROL

To destroy German paganism, Charlemagne proclaimed harsh laws applicable to those Germans under his control who refused to be baptized into Christianity. Eating meat during Lent, cremating the dead and pretending to be baptized were all made punishable by death.

In 768, Charlemagne started a 32 year long campaign of what can only be described as genocidal evangelism against the Saxons under his control in western Germany.

The campaign started with the cutting down of the Saxon's most sacred tree, their version of the World Tree or Yggdrasil, (the symbol of the start of the earth and the source of all life in the ancient Indo-European religions) located in a sacred Saxon forest near present day Marburg.

Charlemagne quickly turned to violence as a means of spreading the Christian word. In 772, at Quierzy, he issued a proclamation that he would kill every Saxon who refused to accept Jesus Christ, and from that time on he kept a special detachment of Christian priests who doubled as executioners, and in every Saxon village in which they stopped, these priests would execute anybody who refused to be baptized.

Then in 782, at Verden, Charlemagne carried out the act for which he is most notoriously associated - he ordered the beheading of 4,500 Saxons in one day who had made the error of being caught practicing paganism after they had agreed to be Christians.

Charlemagne's constant companion and biographer, the monk Einhard, vividly captured the event in his biography of the Frankish king. In it is written that the King rounded up 4,500 Saxons who "like dogs that return to their vomit" had returned to the pagan religions they had been forced to give up upon pain of death.

After having all 4,500 Saxons beheaded "the king went into winter camp, and there celebrated mass as usual."

Twelve years later, in 794, Charlemagne introduced a law under which every third Saxon living in any pagan area was kidnapped and forced to resettle and be raised amongst Christian Franks.

Above: Destroying White paganism by force. The Christian missionary, St. Boniface, felling the sacred great oak tree of Geismar, Hesse, in 724 AD. The oak tree was sacred to the god Thor, and was one of many pagan sites which the Christians destroyed in their ultimately successful attempts to destroy all other religions except Christianity. Despite this, many pagan customs remained, such as the celebration of Spring. The Christians took the pagan goddess of fertility, Ostara, and turned her into the Christian rite of Easter ("Ostara" = "Easter") and the Winter solstice, which marked the longest night of Winter, and turned it into Christmas.

COERCIVE CHRISTIANITY TAKES ROOT

With the use of violent and bloody coercion, Saxon and German paganism was quite literally killed off, and most of the survivors became Christians more out of fear than out of genuine conviction. Christianity finally spread to the Goths themselves, through a Christian slave named Wulfila, who translated the Bible into Gothic.

Before the end of the fourth century, Christianity had spread to the Vandals, the Burgundians, the Lombards and other German tribes within the direct sphere of influence of the Western Roman Empire.

By the year 550 AD, the only non-Christian tribes were to be found in Bavaria and those parts of Germany north from there - including virtually all of the Danes, Scandinavians, Balts and Slavs to the east.


WHITE PAGAN ORIGINS OF CHRISTMAS AND EASTER

Through sheer terror rather than logical persuasion, Christianity then became the dominant religion of the previously pagan Europe - yet because they never quite succeeded in rooting out some pagan customs, they quietly adopted them.

Easter, for example, comes from the old pagan goddess of fertility, Eoster (or Ostara), who used as her symbols the egg and the rabbit - potent signs of fertility. Most Christians today have no idea where their Easter rabbit comes from, or why they have Easter Eggs.

The ancient north European feast of Eoster marked the start of Spring in Europe - and as this celebration was too deeply ingrained in these Gothic tribes to remove, the Christianizing church elders simply took this feast and in arbitrary fashion made it into the date of Jesus Christ's crucifixion.

The same happened with the Winter solstice - originally a pagan celebration to mark the turning point of winter - the longest night of winter - with a fire and a pine tree. Solstice was then combined with the date of Jesus Christ's birth, again in an arbitrary fashion.

However, the church was for a long time uneasy with the pagan undertones of the celebration - such as the pine tree, which is native to Scandinavia, which is nowhere to be found in the Bible - and this led to the church officially banning the celebration of Christmas no less than three times - all of course unsuccessfully.

Above: Impressing the peasants.
Notre Dame Cathedral (1163 AD),
Paris, France. The psychological
effect of these cathedrals upon
the surrounding peasants, who
would never before have seen a
building higher than two or three
floors, must have been
considerable. Many peasants
certainly believed it when they
were told that God himself lived
in these stunningly beautiful
cathedrals, scattered across
Europe.

TEUTONIC KNIGHTS EXTERMINATE THE LAST WHITE PAGANS

The only significant grouping of Whites left in Europe who were not - nominally at least - Christians by the year 1000 AD were to be found in the Baltic and Eastern European regions. To destroy this last bastion of paganism the Church employed the services of some of the most fanatic Christians of all - the Teutonic Knights.


THE TEUTONIC KNIGHTS OF SAINT MARY'S HOSPITAL AT JERUSALEM

The Teutonic Knights were originally a religious military founded during the Crusades, being first established in Palestine in 1190. During an Islamic siege of the city of Acre in that year, a group of German knights were given charge of a hospital for wounded Crusaders.

By 1198, however, these knights had changed from being purely passive and took an active part in the war against the non-White Muslims, becoming known as the Teutonic Knights. Membership in the order was strictly limited to Christian German noblemen. The Teutonic Knights received official recognition from Pope Innocent III in 1199, and adopted the official uniform of a white tunic with a black cross.


INVITED TO EASTERN EUROPE

Soon their deeds on behalf of Christendom became famous. In 1210 they were invited to Hungary by the king of that country to participate in a war against the non-Christian pagan tribes in Eastern Europe.

The Teutonic Knights jumped at the chance, and by using violence and mass murder, soon became known as effective Christianizers amongst the pagan Whites of Eastern Europe. This genocidal evangelism soon became the sole obsession of the Teutonic Knights - by 1226 the order had set up permanent settlements in north eastern Europe.


TEUTONIC KNIGHTS GRANTED PRUSSIA TO CHRISTIANIZE

In 1226, the Holy Roman Emperor granted the Teutonic Knights control over what was then Prussia (today northern Poland) to rule as a fiefdom on condition that they convert all the locals to Christianity. In 1234, Pope Gregory IX granted the Knights control over any other territory that they might conquer from the pagans. The Teutonic Knights soon built a series of imposing castles to defend their new territory, some of which still stand today.

From the safety of these castles they waged their own brand of evangelicalism, which was limited to the Frankish king Charlemagne's recipe - once a number of pagans had been captured, they were offered the choice of either being baptized and accepting Christianity, or being killed on the spot.

Unsurprisingly, almost all chose conversion. The price for being caught practicing paganism after being baptized, was instant death.

As was the case with the genocidal evangelicalism of Charlemagne, the first one or two generations of converts were in all likelihood not genuine - usually they paid lip service to Christianity in order not to be killed. By about the third generation however, the children knew no other religion, and in this way Christianity replaced the original Indo-European religions.


GERMAN SETTLEMENT

The Teutonic Knights also encouraged already Christianized Germans to settle in Prussia. This served a double purpose - not only could the new arrivals police the new converts, but also the Teutonic Knights realized very clearly that the easiest way to change the nature of a society was to change its inhabitants.

By 1300, the Teutonic Knights were one of the most powerful organizations in Germany, controlling territory which stretched from the Baltic Sea into central Germany, a private empire which saw them engaging in, on average, eight major wars every year.


BATTLE OF TANNENBURG - KNIGHTS DEFEATED

However, the Teutonic Knights slowly ran out of pagans to convert. By 1386 the last of the major non-Christian tribes in the north, the Lithuanians, had all more or less been converted, and the order started to lose the reason for its existence.

In addition to this, the methods employed by the order had not endeared it to the local population, even though they were all now Christians. This enmity flared up into a new war when in 1409, the King of Poland invited all enemies of the Teutonic Knights to participate in a campaign against the order.

This led to the defeat of the order at the Battle of Tannenberg in 1410. In 1525, the order's grand master Albrecht of Hohenzollern became a Protestant and dissolved the order in Prussia. Scattered elements of the order lived on but the last were finally expelled in 1591 from the Baltic.


LATER CHRISTIANITY

So it was that Christianity came to be the dominant religion of Europe - the first religion to convert by mass murder.

The original White religion had never tried to convert followers upon pain of death, and had never waged a war in its name - and as such it was psychologically unprepared to do battle with a Middle Eastern religion which engendered a genocidal fanaticism amongst its followers.

Once the Christians had run out of pagans to kill, they turned upon themselves in a violent and bloody fratricidal conflict which saw the Church split and the various protagonists kill each other in a crazed blood lust.

Fully one third of the entire White race was killed in a series of major Christian Wars in Europe - these events are dealt with in a later chapter, along with the effect of Christianity upon the development of science, history, art and social life.

[Stefanus]

March of the Titans
A History Of The White Race

Chapter 17 : Christianity - By Stealth and Steel


Part Two: The Composite Origins of Christianity

Christianity is a composite religion, consisting of mixtures poached and drawn from a number of different cults, sub-cults and philosophical ideas which in most cases had been around for far longer than the Bible itself. Some of the true origins of these major strands which are often thought of as being purely Christian are:

• The Biblical story of Noah and the flood is a copy of the fictional story of a flood in the Sumerian novel, the Epic of Gilgamesh, which dates from 2000 BC.
  
  

  'Madonna and Child' - Stolen from Pagan Religions The 'Madonna and Child' theme thought of as exclusively Christian, was in fact stolen from earlier White religions, notably the much older Egyptian cult of Isis and Horus (see chapter 8). Above left, an Ancient Egyptian statue from the 19th Dynasty (1295 - 1186 BC), predating Christianity by well over 1000 years, showing the 'Madonna and Child' theme with Isis and Horus. Center, this Classical Greek mosaic, predating the advent of Christianity, shows the Greek mythological character, Dionysus, as a holy child. This theme was taken up into Christianity, as per the 'Madonna and Child' portrait, above right.

  
  
• Many of the Old Testament laws, in particular the "eye for an eye" law were taken from the Sumerian Code of Hammurabi (1750 BC). The "eye for an eye" law was lifted word for word from Hammurabi's Code.
• The concept of monotheism - one god as opposed to many gods - was originally created by the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaton (1350 - 1334 BC) who was the first to declare that there was only one god, the Sun God. It is beyond dispute that this concept formed the basis of the Jews' monotheism, and from thence absorbed by Christianity.
  
  

  The Crucifixion - Stolen From Greek Mythology The crucifixion theme, which forms the very core of Christianity, is yet another object that is non-Christian in origin. Above left, the writing on this Greek amulet, identifies the crucified figure as the Greek god-man Orpheus-Dionysus, who rose from the dead in that culture's mythology. The parallels with the Christian crucifixion, as illustrated right, are obvious, and it must come as a shock to Christians to learn that the crucifixion story is not theirs, and was incorporated from other non-Christian religions.

  
  
• The concept of an afterlife and resurrection were derived from the Egyptian cult of Osiris, which was the first resurrection based religion in the world. The belief in an afterlife and resurrection formed the basis of the Egyptian practice of mummification.
• The concepts of heaven and hell and of a galactic battle between the forces of good and evil were originally conceived by the Indo-European religion created by the prophet Zarathustra. It is of significance to note that Heaven and Hell do not feature in the Christian Old Testament, being purely New Testament concepts. The very word Hell was taken from the Indo-European goddess of the underworld, Hel.
  
  

  Angels - Stolen from Greek Mythology Angels are another theme that Christianity stole from earlier religions. Above left, a Greek statue from circa 100 BC, shows the Goddess of Love, Aphrodite, warding off an advance by the goat-footed Pan - while an angel hovers over her shoulder. Compare this to, right, the 'angel' more often thought of as being an element of Christianity. Christianity also took the half-goat Pan to be the symbol of the devil, which is why today in the Christian world view, the devil is most commonly portrayed with horns and goat's feet.

  
  
• Christmas and Easter were originally White pagan festivities marking, respectively, the longest night of winter, and the start of spring in the Northern Hemisphere. Hence the symbolism of Easter (named after the goddess of fertility, Eoster) has to this day remained the egg and the rabbit (symbolizing fertility and spring). The symbolism associated with Christmas - the pine tree and the log fire - are also clearly of Northern Hemisphere origin.

CHRISTIANITY DREW HEAVILY ON MITHRAISM

The main body of Christian belief is in fact not originally Christian at all, and a surprisingly large part of it was drawn from the Persian cult of Mithras, which originated around 2000 BC. Known throughout Europe and Asia by the names Mithra, Mitra, Meitros, Mihr, Mehr, and Meher, the cult spread east through India to China, and reached all parts of the Roman Empire, from Scotland to the Sahara Desert, and from Spain to the Black Sea. The remains of Mithraic temples can be found in Britain, Italy, Romania, Germany, Hungary, Bulgaria, Turkey, Persia, Armenia, Syria, Israel, and North Africa.

The similarities between this pre-Christian religion and Christianity itself are too obvious to ignore:

• Mithras was born of a virgin given the title 'Mother of God'”;
• The Mithraic cult believed in a celestial heaven and a hell;
• The Mithraic cult taught that its followers would have immortality and eternal salvation;
• The Mithraic cult taught that there would be a final day of judgment in which the dead would resurrect, and a final conflict between good and evil that would destroy the existing order;
• The Mithraic cult required its followers to be baptized;
• The Mithraic cult had a ceremony in which followers drank wine and ate bread to symbolize the body and blood of Mithras;
• The Mithraic cult held Sundays as a sacred day;
• The Mithraic cult celebrated the birthday of their god annually on December the 25th;
• The Mithraic cult taught that after their god's earthly mission had been accomplished, he took part in a Last Supper with his companions before ascending to heaven, to forever protect the faithful from above.

(Sources: Cumont, Franz. Les Mystères de Mithra. Dover Publications, Inc. New York, 1956; Cumont, Franz. The Oriental Religions in Roman Paganism. Dover Publications, Inc. New York, 1956.)


OTHER RESURRECTION CULTS

The list of pre-Christian resurrection cults is long: Osiris; Tammuz; Adonis; Balder; Attis; and Dionysus - all of these gods were said to have died and been resurrected. Many classical heroic figures, such as Hercules, Perseus, and Theseus, were said to have been born through the union of a virgin mother and divine father.

It is thus apparent that almost all pagan religions, feasts or practices, which Christianity could not suppress, were simply incorporated into Christianity.

[Stefanus]

March of the Titans
A History Of The White Race

Chapter 18 : The First Great Race War - Atilla the Hun

To the eastern borders of the Roman Empire lay assorted Indo-European tribes, many still migrating from the north or even the ancient Nordic homeland between the Black and Caspian Seas. Amongst all these Indo-European tribes one major group became known as the Goths, who, in the form of their various tribes, the Ostrogoths, the Visigoths and others - were to play a significant role in the final overrunning of the Western Roman Empire.

Initially, however, Roman force of arms held them at bay beyond the eastern European continental borders of the Empire. The Goths and their racial cousins kept up a continuous localized war with the Romans for many years, and would have doubtless continued to do so for even longer had a new powerful racial foe not emerged which threatened to destroy the Goths, Germans, Romans and indeed all of Europe.

Above: Atilla the Hun. Leader of an Asiatic terror which swept across White Europe with such fury and cruelty that his name has remained to this day a byword for tyranny. After a Roman depiction.

Into the midst of the struggles between the Germans, the Goths and Rome was to come the very first open race war in Europe - the invasion by Asiatics called the Huns.


ALANS - THE FIRST VICTIMS

Physically described by Romans as being "short, brown skinned and slant eyed" the Huns emerged from Central Asia and burst upon the easternmost Whites, a tribe called the Alans, in 372 BC.

The Alans, a Nordic tribe still living in the ancestral homeland between the Black and Caspian Seas, were crushed by the Huns who had developed cavalry fighting to a fine skill. Remnants of the Alans fled south and west - to this day there are traces of this last Nordic tribe to be found amongst the present day inhabitants of the region.

The Alans who fled westwards sought refuge with the Ostrogoths, bringing with them the first news of the new Asiatic terror.


OSTROGOTHS FALL BEFORE HUN INVASION

If the Ostrogoths wondered what had befallen the Alans, they did not have to wait long to find out. Very soon the Huns swept even further west and invaded the Ostrogothic lands (in modern day western Russia) and defeated them as well.

The Ostrogothic king, Hermanric, committed suicide when the scale of the invasion became apparent, and his successor, Vitimer, was killed while trying to hold back the Huns. The Ostrogothic kingdom in western Russia disintegrated, and its survivors streamed further westwards, into the lands of the Visigoths and Slavs.

Above: The non-White terror: Asiatics, known as Huns, attacked the easternmost White tribes, the Alans, in 372 AD. Quickly annihilating the Alans, they marched east forcing the squabbling Whites - Romans, Germans and Goths - in Europe to unite and face the communal racial threat. An overt race war, fought across Europe, then followed, with the Huns being defeated at Troyes in central France and at Nedao in Central Europe. White Europe was nearly extinguished by this threat - above is a depiction of a scene which befell hundreds of thousands of Whites - a raiding non-White party attack a Roman villa, killing the males and carrying off the White women for sexual slavery.

VISIGOTHS BARGAIN WITH THE ROMANS

Athanaric, king of the Visigoths, engaged the Huns at the Dniester River in modern day Bulgaria, but the Huns defeated the Visigothic army as well. After this defeat, the Visigoths were forced to fall back and beg the Romans for permission to settle inside Roman territory.

This appeal was made all the more remarkable when it is borne in mind that the Romans and Visigoths had been at virtual constant war for near enough to two centuries. So when the Romans finally gave permission to the Visigoths to move into Roman territory, it was at a terrible price - the Visigoths had to surrender all their weapons and hand over large numbers of their women and children as hostages.

Crossing the Danube in 376 BC and settling in modern day Bulgaria, the Visigoths managed to gain a temporary reprieve from the ravages of the Huns. The conditions under which the Romans forced them to stay were such that it was not long before Visigothic resentment boiled over into open rebellion.


VISIGOTH REBELLION - BATTLE OF HADRIANOPLE

The Visigoths secretly re-armed themselves and launched a campaign against the Roman strongholds of Thrace and Macedonia in northern Greece. Finally, in the battle of Hadrianople (378 AD) in modern day Greece, a Visigothic army defeated a Roman army under the personal command of the Emperor Valen - who had been the one to impose the harsh conditions of refuge upon the Visigoths. Valen himself was killed in this battle.

The defeat was all the more ironic as a large number of the Roman army's soldiers were in fact Gothic mercenaries. The Eastern Roman Empire then accepted the presence of the Visigoths in central Europe, and lifted many of the restrictions placed upon them by Valen.

While the Goths and the Romans were grappling with one another, the former Visigothic lands were being seized by the Huns.

By the time of the Battle of Hadrianople, the Huns had occupied most of Dacia, the land originally seized by the Visigoths from Romans (and which corresponds to the present day country of Rumania).


EUROPE ALMOST ENTIRELY INVADED

At this stage the racial balance of Europe could have swung decisively in favor of the Asiatic Mongolians - all the original White ancestral homelands had been either destroyed or occupied by the Huns.

In addition to this, the Huns also physically occupied large parts of western Russia and portions of central and eastern Europe, including entire portions of modern central Germany, Hungary and Rumania, turning them overnight into mini Asiatic states.

Not content with these conquests, the Asiatic Huns began pushing further westwards, causing entire nations to be moved and destroying virtually everything in their path.

In this way the remnants of the Alans, and many other minor Nordic tribes were forced westwards, in turn displacing other already settled tribes. It was this displacement which led to further migrations of assorted Germanic tribes into Spain and even as far as North Africa.

By 432 AD, during the reign of Roman Emperor Theodosius I, the Huns had increased their power base and stranglehold on eastern and parts of central Europe to the point where they actually collected a large annual tribute from Rome.

(By this time Rome was totally dependent on "barbarian" or German and Gaulish mercenaries for its defense - the mostly mixed race population of Rome had long since lost any social cohesiveness and ability to provide recruits for the army).

Above: Europe under the non-White Huns: The dark area shows the extent of the Asiatic invasion. In addition to this, the Huns also launched attacks into France, Italy and into northern Greece.

ATILLA THE HUN - BRUTAL LEADER

In 433 AD, the Huns gained a new king, whose name would become a byword for the Asiatic terror - Atilla.

The new Asiatic king established his headquarters at the village of Buda on the Danube River in 445 AD (Buda was later to combine with another village on the other side of the river, Pest, to become Budapest, the modern capital of Hungary).

By this time the Hunnish empire stretched from the Caspian Sea in the east right up to the North Sea. In all of the area the Huns carried out a vicious racial war of extermination against the Whites who militarily were too weak to resist. Countless White settlements were wiped out, with the women routinely being carried off into captivity.

In 452 AD, Atilla began moving west again, with the intention of seizing France and finishing off all of Europe.


HUNNISH BLOOD ENTERS EASTERN EUROPE

By this stage the Huns had started on a limited scale to physically integrate with sections of the peoples they had conquered. Traces of the Mongolian influence can still be seen amongst some peoples in eastern Europe (the so called "Slavic look" which in fact is not Slavic at all, but mixed Mongolian/Slavic.)

Possibly as a result of this limited integration process, the Huns managed to recruit some locals into their army, and units of various eastern European tribes found themselves in the Hunnish army which finally invaded France. They were dealt with extremely harshly by their distant racial cousins if captured. The vast majority of the Hunnish army were however Mongolian and under the ultimate leadership of the unquestionably militarily astute Atilla.

The Huns stood poised to push through to the Atlantic Ocean - Europe stood on the very brink of extermination.


THE BATTLE OF TROYES - WHITES UNITE TO DEFEAT THE ASIATICS

The threat of the Hunnish army finally forced the ever squabbling Romans and Visigoths into an united front. A Roman army, under the last of the Western Empire's properly Roman generals, Aetius, joined up with a Visigoth army under their king, Theodoric I, and together they met the Hunnish army in central France near the present day city of Troyes in 451 AD.

In a day long battle, both sides inflicted heavy casualties on the other, with the Visigoth king, Theodoric, being killed in the fighting. By nightfall the combined White army had gained the upper hand over the Asians.

Atilla was forced to retreat all the way across Europe as far as Hungary, exacting a terrible revenge in slaughter and looting from those White settlements unfortunate enough to be in his path of retreat.


ATILLA SLAUGHTERS WHITES IN NORTHERN ITALY - ORIGINS OF VENICE

Defeated in the west, Atilla made one last attempt to destroy the Whites. In 452 the Asians invaded northern Italy and razed the city of Aqueila to the ground, massacring as many of the inhabitants as they could find (the survivors fled into the nearby marshes, there to later establish the city of Venice).

Suddenly in 453 AD, the 60 year old Atilla died - allegedly of a burst blood vessel incurred during his wedding night exertions following his marriage to a local German princess (how much of that story is true is open to question: what is fact is that he took a blond German girl, named Hildico, as his wife, following an example set by many of his Mongolian warriors, whose genetic footprint can be seen on some faces in eastern Europe and Russia to this day.)


THE BATTLE OF NEDAO - GERMANICS SAVE THE WHITE RACE FROM EXTINCTION

Atilla's death was the signal for a revolt of the people subjugated by the Huns. In 454 AD, the Goths, Slavs and others in Europe who had managed to survive the nearly 70 years of cruel Asiatic rule, rose up and at the battle of Nedao in that year, defeated the Huns in a straight fight between a Mongolian and a Germanic army. The victory was total and the Huns were finally destroyed.

The battle of Nedao became one of the most significant battles in White history, for without it Europe would most likely have been completely overrun by Asiatics before 500 AD.

The Germans, as victors over the Huns, became famous amongst their Indo-European racial cousins, with the Icelandic word for German to this day translating literally as "peoples' defender".


THE HUNS FLEE

Suffering total defeat at the hands of the Germans, the vast majority of the surviving Asiatic Huns then fled back into the Far East, to the Sea of Azov in Russia - fearing the retribution by the Whites that would follow (a fear which was fully justified, as the enraged and victorious Whites mercilessly put to death any bands of Hun stragglers they found).


THE HUNNISH LEGACY

However, the Huns left two significant things behind them - firstly they gave their name to the area which had functioned as their headquarters during their racial war, Hungary.

Secondly, some admixture of Mongolian genes occurred amongst the Slavic tribes which had been under the Asiatic Hunnish occupation for nearly 80 years. This was however by no means complete and only ultimately affected a small, but significant, number of the Indo-European Slavs.

The Slavs then expanded eastward into the regions of Russia which had been overrun by the Huns on their way west. There they also mixed with scattered remnants of the partly Hunnish, partly Slavic peoples the Huns had left behind.

All these mixes contributed towards creating the distinctive Russian "Slavic look" visible to this day in a small percentage of the eastern European population in Russia and elsewhere.

The greatest effect of the Hunnish invasion of Europe was however the extinction of the source of the Indo-European tribes from their ancestral homeland between the Black and Caspian Seas. Never again would this territory produce another Indo-European Nordic tribe - the fountain of new Nordic tribes was forever extinguished, one of the most significant acts of racial genocide ever seen.

For the next thousand years, the territory between the Black and Caspian Seas, which had been the first and original breeding ground for the Indo-European Nordic tribes, became an invasion route for waves of non-White hordes from Asia: first the Huns - then the Avars (who were destroyed by a Germanic tribe called the Franks) - the Turks (who were only finally driven from European mainland after the First World War in 1918) - Magyars (who occupied Hungary) and other Asiatics, some descendants of whom eventually became the Gypsies still found in Eastern Europe.

[Stefanus]

March of the Titans
A History Of The White Race

Chapter 19 : The Fall of Rome- Triumph of the Slaves

For centuries, scholars have debated how the Roman Empire - once so mighty and powerful - could have come to an end. The explanations have ranged from a lack of morals right through to the sheer size of the Empire becoming too unwieldy to administer - but all of the explanations have ignored the real cause of the dissolution of Roman power - namely the fact that the Romans themselves disappeared. Simple demographics was the cause of the collapse of Rome.

From 193 AD, Roman history is known as the time of the Dominate. From this time on the Roman emperors made no attempt to disguise the fact that they were absolute rulers, with the Senate serving an advisory role only.


25 OUT OF 26 EMPERORS DIE UNNATURALLY

The stress and strains of trying to run a polyglot Empire began to take its toll. For the fifty year period between 235 AD and 285 AD, there were twenty six different emperors, with only one of them dying a natural death. During this period of anarchy Rome was wracked by civil war and intrigue, and foreign invasion.


THE EMPIRE DIVIDED BY DIOCLETIAN

Emperor Diocletian took the throne in 285 AD, and reigned until 305 AD. His reign was marked by a period of relative stability and his reorganization of the Empire's administration.

In 286 AD he divided the Roman Empire into two, realizing that it was impossible for one man to rule the vast territory and all its peoples. He cut the Empire into East and West - the Western Empire having as its capital Rome, and the Eastern Empire having as its capital the city of Nicomedia in Asia Minor (Turkey).

Above: The Emperor Diocletian - a military
genius who became one of Rome's
greatest latter rulers. The spreading
empire and the inclusion of all sorts of
nationalities into its ranks was reflected in
this man: actually born of obscure origins
in the Balkans, he became Emperor in 285
AD. The fact that people born outside of
Rome could settle in Rome and even
become Emperor meant that the original
Romans themselves soon became
outnumbered - by either non-Roman Whites
like Diocletian, or by non-Roman non-Whites
from the Middle East.

Diocletian created a post of co-emperor to rule the West (Diocletian himself chose to rule the East). Each Emperor was called an "Augustus" and each had an assistant, called a "Caesar." The Caesar was supposed to succeed the Augustus, thus solving the problem of secession.


CONSTANTINOPLE - CAPITAL OF THE EASTERN EMPIRE

The Emperor Constantine's conversion to Christianity gave the Christians the upper hand in their battle against other religions. Constantine decided that he needed a new Christian capital, and selected the ancient site of the city of Byzantium, situated on the Bosporus straight connecting the Mediterranean with the Black Seas.

Constantine called the city New Rome, but it soon became known as Constantinople, and is today known as Istanbul. The new capital soon became more important than Rome itself, and only 50 years after Constantine's death in 337 AD, the split between the Eastern and Western Empires became total.

From the year 395 AD, the Roman Empire was never again governed as a single unit. This had an important spin off in that it played a role in slowing down the masses of immigrants from the mixed race Middle Eastern territories - although the number already in Rome and southern Italy had by this stage reached the point where the fate of Rome was sealed. However, there can be no doubt that the creation of Constantinople served as a destination for many who otherwise would have emigrated to Rome.


THE GOTHS ATTACK

The Western Empire remained threatened by the new invaders from the north. Even during the height of her power, Rome had never been able to penetrate north, and now new invaders, called Goths, seemed even more ferocious than their German cousins.

The Goths were one of the last waves of Indo-European invaders to enter continental Europe and had originally settled in relative isolation in Sweden and other southern parts of Scandinavia.

By about 300 BC, the Goths had started moving southwards, displacing some Baltic tribes eastward, and 500 years later had penetrated right through to southern Russia, from where their Indo-European forefathers had originated thousands of years before.

Above: A Roman army unit is ambushed along the Danube River by a ferocious Gothic assault in this painting which accurately captures the dress, weapons and racial types of the two armies. Many of the Roman soldiers were in fact German mercenaries.

OSTROGOTHS AND VISIGOTHS

The huge geographical distance between the various Gothic tribes led in time to a division into two main sections: the Visigoths, or West Goths, who settled the territory from the Danube River to the Dniester River - and the Ostrogoths, or East Goths, who settled in the region eastward from the Dniester River to the Volga River in present day Russia.

The Visigoths then started pressing westwards. The Romans first recorded encountering them around 250 AD, when they invaded the Roman province of Dacia in southern central Europe near the Danube River. Roman reports mention the Goths to be the tallest of the German tribes, with their hair ranging from red to almost white.

The Romans and Visigoths soon set to a fight. After several initially inconclusive skirmishes, the Visigoths inflicted a massive defeat upon the Romans in 251 AD, wiping out an entire Roman army and killing the then Emperor, Decius, in the process. Soon thereafter the Romans abandoned Dacia, a province which they had conquered and held for 150 years. From then on the Danube River once again formed the border between Germania and Rome.

The Visigoths also captured and plundered Athens in 267 AD and for almost 100 years loose bands waged incessant and uncoordinated warfare in the Balkans with the Romans.


40,000 VISIGOTHIC MERCENARIES RECRUITED

For approximately 150 years after the defeat of the Roman army in Dacia, an uneasy co-existence was established between the Romans and Goths, with the latter occasionally raiding Roman cities along the Black Sea coast at will. However, as in Western Europe, the Romans were forced to start recruiting Goths as mercenaries for their armies - the Romans themselves being unable to recruit soldiers from the increasingly mixed population in Rome itself.

In this way the Roman records show that during the reign of Constantine alone, 40,000 Goths were recruited into the Eastern Empire's army. Indeed, they formed the bulwark of the Eastern Roman Empire against the huge masses of mixed race invaders pushing against the eastern reaches of the empire.


THE HUNS PUSH THE VISIGOTHS INTO ROMAN TERRITORY

From early in the first century AD, the frontier division between Germania and Rome had been increasingly maintained by Gallic mercenaries along the Rhine-Danube River. The static nature of the border was helped by the relative geographic stability of the Germanic tribes. This was however to change dramatically in 374 AD. In that year a tribe of powerful Mongolians started attacking Europe out of the East - the forerunners of the great Mongolian invasion under Atilla the Hun.

The Huns quickly decimated the easternmost Indo-Europeans, the Ostrogoths, situated to the west of the Vistula River, and proceeded to attack the next Gothic tribe in the line, the Visigoths. The Visigoth leaders, fearing that they too were going to be destroyed, petitioned Rome itself for help and permission to enter Roman territory to seek safety inside the official borders of the Empire. This permission was granted in 376 AD and the Visigoths formally crossed the Danube River south into Roman territory.

The arrangement did however not last long - the long standing enmity between the Romans and their Germanic foes soon broke out into a localized war, despite the closeness of their common threat, the Huns. Finally a Roman army was specially sent to subdue the Visigoths - and was defeated at the battle of Hadrianople in 378 AD. The defeat shattered the belief in Western Roman invincibility and ushered in a century and a half of chaos. Soon other Gothic tribes also began to invade the Empire's frontiers at will - all the while with Atilla and his Mongolian Huns pursuing them from the east.


GOTHS SACK ROME FOR THE FIRST TIME

For a few years the Emperor Theodosius held off the Goths. After his death however, the Visigoths regathered their strength under a capable leader named Alaric and invaded Italy itself, sacking the city of Rome in 410 AD. A peace treaty was struck between city leaders and Alaric, in terms of which the Visigoths were given a large piece of land in southern France in order to placate their territorial demands.

Above: How the Goths conquered the city of Rome in 410 AD: The immense aqueducts which carried water to Rome from distant hill sources were the weakness of the Imperial city. Attacking Goths cut off the water supply by destroying several arches of the aqueducts. The ruins of the aqueducts still stand to this day.

ROMAN BORDERS COLLAPSE

By 408 AD, the recruitment of soldiers from Rome itself into the Roman armies had virtually dried up - a good indication of the change in the racial balance in Rome, and although Gothic and Gaulish mercenaries now made up the vast majority of the soldiers in the Roman armies, the huge numbers of Germans and Goths pushing against the Roman defenses along the Rhine River were overwhelming. By 410 AD, waves of Germanic tribes were streaming into France.


THE VANDALS SACK ROME - 455 AD

One of these tribes, called the Vandals, marched right through Gaul into Spain, in 409 AD. They were followed by Visigoths about ten years later, sparking off further disputes over territory. The Vandals then sailed across the Straits of Gibraltar and conquered the Western Roman Empire's provinces in North Africa. Under their able leader, Gaiseric, the Vandals soon established themselves as a major power. In June 455 AD, a naval borne Vandal army invaded Italy and sacked Rome itself.

The ease with which this was accomplished serves as an excellent indicator of how the power of Rome had declined along with its original population. The city, populated by large numbers of mixed race and Middle Eastern types thrown in amongst the remnants of the original Roman people, were either unwilling or simply unable to put up a defense in the tradition of the past glories of Rome. The city of Caesar became a stamping ground for anyone who wanted to try their luck at a bit of looting.

Gaiseric managed to repulse a few attempts by the Eastern Roman Empire to exact revenge for this raid, and achieved a notable end by becoming one of the very few kings of his time to die of old age in 477 AD. The Vandal kingdom lasted until 534 AD, when a surprise attack by a Gothic manned Roman Eastern Empire army defeated them. This was the last time that the Vandals appeared as a power in the Mediterranean - after their defeat at the hands of the Eastern Roman Empire, they collapsed into obscurity in North Africa.

Having settled in modern day Algeria, the Vandals were quick to mirror Rome's decline - far more quickly. It was a matter of two hundred years and the Vandals were absorbed into the already mixed race inhabitants of North Africa, once again contributing to the maelstrom of genes which today makes up the North African Mediterranean basin.


THE BURGUNDIANS AND FRANKS

Yet another Germanic tribe to move across the Rhine River into France were the Burgundians, who settled in the Rhone river valley - but by far the most important Germanic tribe to move into Gaul were the Franks, who quickly fanned out across Northern Gaul, quickly assimilating the already predominantly Nordic Gauls in the region.


ROMAN ARMIES LEAVE BRITAIN - 407 AD

With the decline of the Western Empire becoming all the more obvious, Rome withdrew the last detachments of its army from Britain in 407 AD (leaving behind those who had already assimilated into the local population), advising the Britons that they now had to protect themselves.


GERMANICS INVADE BRITAIN - ANGLES AND SAXONS

Within fifty years Germanic tribes did indeed invade the island - the Angles and Saxons, from whom the modern term Anglo-Saxon originated. These original Angles and Saxons were predominantly Nordic tribesmen who came from the Germanic reservoir in northern Germania, Denmark and southern Scandinavia which had been established at the time of the first Indo-European invasions into Europe.

The Angles and the Saxons quickly dominated the Britons by force - although some British tribes, notably the Bretons, fled across the channel to France, where their name still exists as a geographical term (Brittany) and people from this region are still called Bretons.

In this fashion the Western Roman Empire was steadily broken up piecemeal by the Germanic/Gothic/Indo-European tribes.


ROMAN UPPER CLASSES BUY BLONDE WIGS

By 400 AD, within a short space of less than 500 years from the time of Julius Caesar, the inhabitants of Rome were barely a pale shadow of the race who originally created the Empire. Immigrants from all over the Middle East and North Africa had turned it into a multi-racial melting pot made up of a mixture of Middle Easterners (Semites, Africans, mixed race Egyptians, Syrians and Africans) and original remnant Romans, with no national sense of identity or common purpose.

This integration process had reached such levels that the Roman writer Juvenal recorded the increasing habit of many wealthy Romans of buying blonde wigs to cover their dark hair - the blonde hair being purchased from Germans and transported south to Rome.

The following extract from Juvenal's Satire 6, exc. L, Book 4 of his De Rerum Natura, vi. 120, tells of how the emperor's wife, Messalina, put on a blond wig to disguise herself to visit houses of ill repute:

"Do you care about a private citizen's house, about Eppia's doings? Turn your eyes to the gods' rivals. Hear what the Emperor Claudius had to put up with. As soon as his wife thought that he was asleep, this imperial whore put on the hood she wore at night, determined to prefer a cheap pad to the royal bed, and left the house with one female slave only. No, hiding her black hair in a yellow wig she entered the brothel, warm with its old patchwork quilts and her empty cell, her very own.”

The 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica adds the following:

"The fashionable ladies of Rome were much addicted to false hair, and we learn from Ovid, Amores, i. 14. 45) and Martial (v. 68) that the golden hair imported from Germany was most favored. Juvenal (vi. 120) shows us Messalina assuming a yellow wig for her visits to places of ill-fame, and the scholiast on the passage says that the yellow wig was characteristic of courtesans."

Ovid also mentions the custom of blonde wigs and Pliny went as far as to give details of the different methods of dying hair blond.

The infiltration of Roman society by
individuals born in all corners of the
world was exemplified by the
emperor Philip (244 - 249 AD). Born
in the Roman province of Arabia, in
what today is the village of Shahba,
roughly 55 miles south-southeast of
Damascus, Philip's father was a
prominent local man, Julius Marinus,
who had been awarded Roman
citizenship and was thus not a native
born Roman. Nothing is known of
Philip's mother. Known as 'Philip the
Arabian', Philip was an emperor who
was clearly not of pure European
descent: this bust accurately captures
his short 'peppercorn' hair, an obvious
sign of non-White ancestry. Vatican
Museum, Rome.

In their mania to conceal their increasing "non-Whiteness", the inhabitants of Rome used sapa, or lead acetate, as a skin lightener to pale their complexions - and paid a heavy price by unwittingly poisoning themselves at the same time.

The Emperor Caracalla - who, as son of a Roman official stationed in Africa and having a Persian mother, could certainly have been at least partly racially mixed, was famous for wearing a blond wig.

This mixed polyglot itself was divided into two economic classes, a very wealthy minority and a desperately poor mass. The wealthy minority - many of whom had made their money out of the flourishing slave trade - lived in relative luxury, while the masses lived in frightful urban squalor.

From this population the Roman army was unable to raise the enthusiasm or quality of man needed to man the frontiers: and so the wealthy ruling classes of Rome paid huge amounts in bribes and mercenary fees to keep their enemies at bay.

Rome precariously survived on money rather than physical strength. Germanics threatened Rome's borders, and Germanics made up the armies defending the same borders. This tactic was employed by both Western and Eastern Roman Empires, with the Western Empire using Germans, and the Eastern Empire using Goths. In what was ironic but nonetheless predictable, the last battles in Italy fought under Roman banners were between armies of German Romans, Gothic Romans and Frankish Romans.


ABROGAST - FRANKISH EMPEROR DEFEATED

A Frankish Roman army general, Abrogast, was the chief adviser - and effective master - of the Western Roman Emperor Eugenius in 394 AD, having assassinated a previous emperor. Abrogast retained control through his Frankish army group which he brought with him into Italy.

The Eastern Emperor, Theodosius, unhappy with the blatant manipulation of the Western emperor by Abrogast, sent an army comprised of Germanic Goths and Vandals, under the leadership of the Gothic prince, Alaric, and the Vandal, Stilicho, respectively.

The two sides: a Frankish Roman army against a combined Gothic and Vandal Roman army - both of Germanic origin but being paid by different Roman remnants - met in battle near the modern day city of Venice. Abrogast's army (the Franks) were defeated.

After the battle, in accordance with Theodosius' instructions, Stilicho became effective master of the Western Empire. Alaric was in the interim chosen king of the Visigoths by his tribe (it was common amongst the Germanic tribes to vote for their kings).

Above: Stilicho, last general of the Western
Empire, was actually a German. In this way
The "Roman" army was, by the year 400 AD,
composed of anything but Romans.

MASSACRE OF THE GERMAN WOMEN AND CHILDREN - THE REVENGE OF 408 AD

The partly mixed inhabitants of Rome, rich and poor alike, resented both Visigoths and Vandals alike, and in 408 AD, Stilicho was assassinated. This was immediately followed by a massacre of thousands of the wives and children of the German soldiers in Italy.

It was easy to pick out the Germans - their light coloring and light hair stood out in marked contrast to the vast majority of the inhabitants of most of Italy of the day.


THE GERMAN COUNTER REVENGE UNDER ALARIC

This foolish act drove the Germanic tribes into taking reprisals. For two years Alaric led an embittered combined army of his men, Stilicho's soldiers and even remnants of the defeated Frankish army, up and down the Italian peninsula, exacting a terrible revenge for the massacre of the Germanic women and children.

During this time the marauding Germans took a heavy toll of the local population - countless numbers were killed, considerably thinning out the largely mixed race population. Alaric demanded a huge ransom from the inhabitants of Rome and forced their slave traders to release some 40,000 German slaves from captivity.


ROME SACKED AGAIN

Then Alaric's Goths sacked Rome itself on 24 August 410 AD. This date is marked as the official end of the Roman Empire in the west, although of course the vast masses of true Romans had long since vanished.

Even after the sacking of Rome in 410 AD, and the Vandal invasion of 455 AD, a semblance of an imperial line of emperors was maintained in Rome, although the emperor was by then little more than a puppet.

Roman armies were no longer Roman at all and consisted for the overwhelming part of Germanic troops. The result of this Germanization of the Roman army was that a large number of generals were also Germans. This ultimately had to have a political impact, as the armies had long decided the fate of many the Roman emperor.


THE FIRST GERMAN ROMAN EMPEROR - 475 AD

Finally in 475 AD, one such German born general, Orestes, forced the Roman Senate to elect his son as emperor. In the following year, another German general Odovacar killed Orestes and, seeing no reason to continue the appearance of an imperial secession, simply declared himself head of state.

This first Germanic emperor not elected by the Senate is regarded by some historians as the proper end of the Roman Empire in the West, although in reality the Western Empire had ceased to exist many years before, being held together only in name by the recruitment of mercenaries into the imperial armies.


THE LOMBARDS - IMPETUS FOR RENAISSANCE

Following the death of the Western Roman Emperor Theodosius in 526 AD, civil war and anarchy broke out in Italy, lasting until the Eastern Emperor Justinian's invasion of 554 AD.

In 568 AD, the third most significant population shift in Italian history occurred (the first was the invasion of the Indo-European Latini - the second was the filling up of Rome with non-White races) - another Germanic tribe, the Lombards, poured over the Alps into Italy, establishing a new kingdom, replenishing the Nordic racial stock in northern and central Italy. It was the Lombards who provided the impetus for the later north Italian based Renaissance.


THE VISIGOTHS HEAD FOR SPAIN AND SOUTHERN FRANCE

After sacking Rome in 410 AD, a large number of Visigoths moved across the Pyrenees mountains into Spain. From 415 AD to 418 AD, the Visigoths created a new state encompassing north-eastern Spain and the territory in southern France given to them as a tribute by the inhabitants of Rome. Toulouse was established as the Visigothic capital. Eventually the majority of the Visigothic part of Gaul (France) was conquered by another Germanic tribe, the Franks.

The last Visigothic King, Roderick, was defeated and killed during the non-White Muslim invasion of Spain at the Battle of Rio Barbate in 711 AD.

Thus, in less that 100 years after the Germanic tribes had first crossed the Roman Empire's borders in 406 AD, the mixed race remnants of the Western Roman Empire in Northern Italy had to the greatest part been driven into southern Italy by a wave of new Germanic blood, which in many other areas also swept away other traces of the 1,000 years of Roman integration.

Above: A coffin portrait of a Roman
Egyptian from the 3rd Century AD,
found at Hawara (on display in the
Egyptian museum, Berlin). The
clearly mixed racial type found here
was slowly to dominate - and
ultimately weaken - Roman society
to the reaches of Rome itself.

THE REAL REASON FOR THE FALL OF ROME - FEWER THAN 5 PERCENT OF THE POPULATION WERE ROMANS CIRCA 50 AD

For centuries historians have endlessly debated the reasons why the power of Rome waned. Most explanations have centered on arguments that the civilization's morals collapsed - that the Empire "exhausted itself" due to over exertion - or that it declined economically.

The truth behind the disappearance of the Roman Empire is in fact much simpler and stunningly obvious - the facts are that the people who created the Empire, the original Romans, mainly Indo-European tribes, vanished, absorbed into the masses of non-Indo-European peoples they conquered.

In the West, the Romans were absorbed by the racially similar White and numerically superior Celts, Gauls and Germans.

In the East the Romans were absorbed by the racially dissimilar non-White mixed race Middle Easterners and North Africans, who also immigrated in massive numbers to Rome itself, filling the city and the southern parts of Italy with their numbers.

The noted British historian, Edward Gibbon, in his monumental work The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, estimated the numbers of people within the borders of the Empire during the time of the Emperor Claudius (43 AD) as some 120 million people - and of this amount only some 6,945,000 were proper Roman citizens.

The twin effects of the opening citizenship to all in the empire and the toleration of unrestricted immigration into the city of Rome, does therefore not have to be speculated upon - the 7 million original Romans were overrun within a relatively short space of time by the 113 million foreigners.

In a nutshell, the truth is that the Roman Empire disappeared because the Romans themselves disappeared. It is as simple as that.

Above: The effects of racial mixing are evident on the face of this baker (left) in Pompeii, Italy. The fashion at the time was to have one's portrait painted on the walls of one's house. The eruption of the volcano Vesuvius preserved a great number of the houses in Pompeii, including these portraits from circa 50 AD. Compare the features of this baker to one of his neighbors, a still Nordic woman (alongside) whose house portrait was similarly saved. Eventually the "baker" types were to dominate Roman society. This change in racial make up of Roman society was the reason why the Roman Empire vanished. From defeated foe to citizen. The pictures above show how the racial makeup of Rome changed in less than 400 years. On the left, Roman soldiers carry Jewish treasures seized during the Roman-Jewish War of AD 68 - 73. The scene is from the Arch of Titus, erected by the emperor of the same name to commemorate his victory over the Jews. Right : A sarcophagus from 300 AD in the city of Rome showing the very same symbol - the Jewish menorah - combined with classical Roman scenes. This illustrates well the extent of how assimilated the various peoples of the world became in that city. Within 350 years the Jews had moved from a defeated and hated enemy of Rome, into being wealthy citizens of Rome itself. Above: Black slaves in Rome picking grapes, a mosaic in the Church of Santa Costanza, Rome, 4th Century AD. Hundreds of thousands, if not several million, non-Whites were imported into Italy as slaves. Eventually they mixed with large numbers of the Romans themselves, producing the mixed race types as in the "baker" of Pompeii. (See above).

The change in the make-up of the Roman population from the original Nordic/Alpine/Mediterranean into a mixed White/non-White racial group was the real reason why Rome "fell". This is also the reason why today some Italians, particularly in the south of that country, have a distinctive "olive" appearance.

Italy was later invaded by a new wave of Germanics, the Lombards, who brought a fresh infusion of Nordic blood into the Italian peninsula - and today the vast majority of White Italians are descendants of the Lombards, not of the Romans.

The Fall of Rome - Before and After: How a Change in the Racial Composition of a Nation changes that civilization's outer physical manifestations How the racial makeup of a civilization changes the outer manifestations of that civilization is superbly illustrated in these two pictures. The first, above, is a reconstruction of the Palatine Hill - one of the centers of ancient Rome - as it looked like in the heyday of the Roman Empire; and then alongside is the exact same view, only this time how the modern visitor may view the Palatine Hill: a few crumbling ruins, with only the Arch of Titus still remaining more or less intact. As with the case of the rise and fall of all civilizations, the physical manifestations of any given civilization change along with the people. Once the original Romans had vanished, so did their civilization, even down to their buildings. This process can be seen once again in the two pictures below: the Roman Forum, then and now. In the photograph, even the column visible in the center of the picture dates from a later time. The crumbling ruins of what was once the greatest power on earth carry a message to modern society, which is often regarded as irreversible and permanent. Civilizations can and do fall, and the mightiest of buildings can and do crumble in a few short centuries. This happens when the people who originally made that civilization become a minority or are totally wiped out by either invaders, immigrants or are assimilated into new racial elements. This then is the great lesson of history - the disappearance of a people, or race, leads to the disappearance of all aspects of their civilization, even the physical manifestations.

[Stefanus]

March of the Titans
A History Of The White Race

Chapter 20 : Byzantium - The Eastern Roman Empire

Constantinople, situated on the Bosporus Straits at the mouth of the Black Sea, became a capital of the Roman Empire in 330 AD after Constantine the Great, the first Christian emperor, refounded the city of Byzantium. Although the city was called Constantinople until its fall, the Eastern Roman Empire became known by the classical name of Byzantium, and often the city was called by its old name as well.

The city's status as residence of the Eastern Roman Emperor made it into the premier city in all of the Eastern Roman colonies in the Balkans, Syria, Jordan, Israel, Lebanon, Cyprus, Egypt, and part of present day Libya. A good indication of the degree to which the Eastern Empire was not made up for the greatest part of original Romans, can be seen in the official languages of the Byzantines: Greek, Coptic, Syriac and Armenian, with only a very few mainly Christian priests actually speaking Latin.

Above right: Constantine, the bringer of Christianity to the Roman Empire, and therefore also ultimately to Europe. The city he was to found, Constantinople, would last until 1453, when it was overrun by the non-White Muslims. Above left: A view of the Haga Sofia - the Christian church built in Constantinople by the Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian in 537 AD. When Constantinople was overrun by the non-White Muslims, four Muslim towers, called minarets, were added to the corners of the building. In this photograph, the minarets have been removed to present the building as it was when it was built.

THE EFFECT OF THE FALL OF ROME

The sacking of Rome by the Visigoths and Vandals, and then the de facto collapse of Roman power in the west, was felt throughout the Eastern Roman Empire like a thunderclap. The impossible had happened - the power which had held sway in the known world had vanished.

Due to the immense symbolism of Rome, Eastern Roman emperors made two attempts to recapture the west, once ironically using Romanized Germans. This use of Germanic tribes such as the Goths and eventually even Vikings (in the Varangian Guard in Constantinople) was the major reason why the Eastern Empire lasted as long as it did.

Surrounded by huge walls, defenses erected by the Romans at the height of their power, and defended by armies of Germanic mercenaries, Constantinople ended up surviving as a city virtually besieged for the greater part of its life, its territories eventually restricted to the direct area of the city.


THEODORIC THE OSTROGOTH SEIZES THE WESTERN EMPIRE

The first attempt to re-establish the Western Empire by the Eastern Empire came with the invasion of Italy by the Romanized king of another Gothic tribe, Theodoric of the Ostrogoths, soon after the sacking of Rome. Having been educated in Constantinople, Theodoric saw it as his mission to restore the Western Empire.

After much heavy fighting between the Ostrogoths and their racial cousins who had moved into Rome with Odovacar, the two sides reached a stalemate and negotiations were started. However, Odovacar was assassinated and Theodoric seized his chance - taking advantage of the confusion in Odovacar's followers, he established the Ostrogothic kingdom in Italy - significantly not choosing Rome as his capital, instead making the northern Italian city of Ravenna the capital of his revived Western Empire.

Theodoric did his best to restore the outer trappings of classical Rome, even adopting Latin as the language of his court. However, when he died in 526 AD, the temporary order imposed upon Rome and southern Italy once again collapsed, descending into anarchy until the second attempt to restore the Western Empire, made by the famous Eastern Roman Emperor, Justinian, in 554 AD.


JUSTINIAN - LAST EMPEROR TO UNITE THE EMPIRE

Justinian, who reigned from 527 to 565 AD, had been able to seize a large slice of North Africa from the remnants of the Vandals in 533, and thus had a good base for an invasion of Italy.

After many years Justinian was able to capture not only Italy, but also Spain and the Aegean coast, for a while almost re-establishing the Roman Empire's borders before it had moved north of the Alps. It is of significance that the army which Justinian sent to conquer these lands, was under the leadership of a general Belisarus - who was a Romanized Slav (and thus an original Indo-European).

Above: Belisarus, the Romanized Slav who served the Eastern Roman Empire. Sent by the Emperor Justinian to reconquer the lands of the western empire from the Germanics, the Nordic Slavic general did in fact manage to capture almost all of the former Western Empire territories - including much of Italy, Spain and the North African coast. Belisarus' most astounding feats were the 40 successive victories he obtained against the (by then mixed race) Persians and the (Germanic) Vandals over a thirty year period. In all but a few of these battles Belisarus' army was hopelessly outnumbered, and he won the day by ingenuity rather than weight of numbers. His greatest triumph was in 559 AD, when he drove off thousands of attacking Bulgars from Constantinople itself, using a mere 300 well trained cavalry, supported only by a few hundred untrained citizen conscripts.

Justinian is also known for his codification of Roman Law, and the erection of the Christian Church of the Haga Sofia in Constantinople.

In 528 Justinian appointed a commission of scholars to gather, classify and summarize the huge mass of laws created by centuries of Roman government. The result was a massive large work known as the Justinian Code and formally titled the Corpus Juris Civis.

Above: The Emperor Justinian, center, surrounded by attendants. The greatest of the early Byzantine rulers, Justinian succeeded in not only recapturing much of the old Western Empire, but is also famous for the codification of laws in the empire, which today serves as the basis for many of the world's legal systems. This mosaic is a detail from the Church of San Vitale, which Justinian had built at Ravenna in Italy after his armies had reconquered Italy itself.

The Church of the Haga Sofia was completed in 537 AD, and became the spiritual capital of orthodox Christendom (until the city was attacked and conquered by the non-White Muslims in 1453 AD, when it was converted into a mosque, a purpose it still serves today).

With Justinian's death in 565 AD, his successors were confronted with a renewed military threat from the ever adventurous Persians (who by this stage showed only very slight traces of their original Indo-European ancestry). The Persians were only defeated in 628 AD.


THE LOMBARDS INVADE ITALY, DRIVE THE BYZANTINES SOUTH

In the west, Germanic tribes were once again on the offensive, and soon after Justinian's death, had recaptured most of the territory which had been retaken under the Eastern Roman emperor.

What must have seemed like an endless wave of warlike Germans swept down from the north, sweeping masses of mixed race Roman remnants into the south of the country, helping to create the distinctive "olive" south of Italy visible to this day.

In 568 AD, the most significant event in post Roman Italian history occurred: a new Germanic tribe, the Lombards, invaded the peninsula in such numbers that only Sicily and parts of southern Italy were left under Eastern Roman rule.

This large infusion of Nordic blood into the Italian population in Rome and northern Italy, combined with the original European remnants in northern Italy and with admixture from the mixed race remnants in Rome (many of whom had died in a great pestilence which swept through the city during the years of anarchy following the final collapse) together created the present day racial makeup of Italy - the further north in that country, the lighter the population, while the further south, the darker.


ISLAM THREATENS CONSTANTINOPLE

Around this time the first waves of non-White Islamic armies came sweeping up out of the Saudi Arabian peninsula, fired up by a new powerful religion which urged its supporters to convert the "kafirs"- or non-Muslim infidels - by force if necessary, through the "Jihad" or Holy War.

The Eastern Empire soon began losing its eastern most territories before the Islamic armies, most being impossible to defend with the limited resources available to Constantinople. This non-White racial invasion would be the spark for the Second Great Race War - the Crusades.


EASTERN EMPIRE COMPRESSED BY INDO-EUROPEAN SLAVIC INVASIONS

Originally Indo-European Slavic tribes also invaded the Balkans at this time, stripping away these western territories from the Eastern Roman Empire, even threatening Constantinople itself. Byzantium barely survived the main Slavic invasions, when a new Asiatic invasion by a tribe called the Avars took place during the 6th Century AD. (The Avar invasion is considered in greater depth in a following chapter). This invasion was also beaten off, with uncoordinated help being given by the Slavic tribes.

However, it quickly became impossible to hold on to all of the former Roman provinces - apart from the loss of northern Italy to the Lombards, the Byzantines were also forced to concede much of the Balkans to the non-White armies of Islam. The by now thoroughly mixed race Persians then launched an attack of the easternmost reaches of the Byzantine Empire - only with a superhuman effort were the Persians beaten in 628 AD, leading to the recapture of Syria, Palestine, and Egypt.

Despite this victory, the writing was on the wall for the Eastern Empire - a rapidly growing mixed race population, a small White minority, threatened from the west by the Slavs, and from the east by the Turks and Persians - there seemed to be no way out. Between 634 AD and 642 AD, the Islamic armies invaded Palestine, Syria, Mesopotamia, and Egypt, finally besieging the city of Constantinople itself three times, in 670 AD, 717 and in 718. After this year, the Islamic armies launched new invasions virtually every year.


NEW WHITE ARMIES - PAID WITH LAND

In a desperate attempt to shore up its collapsing frontiers, the Byzantines launched a massive recruiting drive amongst the Germanic tribes, offering not pay this time, but lands in areas marked for reconquest from the Muslims, at the same time reorganizing the structure of their army dramatically. A wave of new European soldiers then took up the offer, and although heavily outnumbered, these new armies launched a major campaign against the Muslims during 9th Century, which stabilized the Muslim threat until the beginning of the 12th Century.

Bulgaria was reconquered in a campaign lasting much of the decade following 970 AD, a victory which was followed up by the re-seizure of parts of northern Mesopotamia and northern Syria.

However, by the end of the 11th Century, the continual wars had once again sapped the strength of the Byzantine armies, increasingly fewer volunteers came forth from the Germanics, as the chances of actually being rewarded with land became less and less.

A new Muslim power, the Seljuk Turks, launched a series of murderous raids into Byzantine territory in the early part of the new millennium, and then defeated a Byzantine army at the Battle of Manzikert in 1071 AD, occupying most of Turkey (Asia Minor) as a result. At the same time as the Battle of Manzikert, the Byzantines lost their last foothold in Italy and further split from the Christian West by a division in Christianity in 1054 AD - a split which led to the creation of the Eastern Orthodox Church.


THE EASTERN EMPIRE APPEALS FOR HELP AGAINST MUSLIMS

On all fronts the Byzantines were once again in retreat - as the Muslim armies prepared for a final assault on the city of Constantinople, the Eastern Emperor, Alexius I, appealed to the Pope in Rome for aid against the Turks. This appeal was acceded to: the result was the start of one of the longest running race wars in history, between the Whites in Western Europe on the one hand and the mixed race Arabic/Black armies of Islam on the other hand. The battlefield raged around Constantinople - that city's Christian status in the face of Islam led generations of White Christians in Europe to physically prop up the city, artificially prolonging its life-span by centuries.

This race war was fought under the guise of a religious battle to be known as the Crusades, and would last 275 years, from 1095 to 1270 AD. (The full story and impact of the Crusades is reviewed in a following chapter).


CRUSADER RACE WAR ULTIMATELY FAILS

Although Byzantium initially benefited from the Crusades, recovering some land in Asia Minor, the Crusader race war ended ultimately in defeat for the Whites, and by 1354 AD, the Turks had occupied much of the Balkans, cutting off Constantinople from the West. The city finally fell to the Muslim armies in 1453 AD - the date which formally marks the end of the Eastern Roman Empire. Once again, like the Western Roman Empire, the Eastern Roman Empire was, by the time of its fall, Roman in name only. The original Romans who had established the city had also long since disappeared, and it was only through repeated White armies rushing to the city's aid because of its Christian status, that is was not overrun centuries before its final collapse.


THE BYZANTINE LEGACY - CYRILLIC ALPHABET

The early Byzantines did however leave a rich legacy, many outer manifestations of which have remained as part of the greater White civilization to this day.

The Byzantines developed the Cyrillic script, still used by many Eastern European countries, and also played a crucial role in preserving many ancient Greek works which later were used in the west to aid the return to Classical values known as the Renaissance. In addition to this, the tradition of Eastern Orthodox Christianity came to dominate much of Eastern Europe, leading to the establishment of the two largest such church groupings: the Greek Orthodox Church and the Russian Orthodox Church.

[Stefanus]

March of the Titans
A History Of The White Race

Chapter 21: The Second Great Race War - The Crusades

The rise of Islam from a tiny cult in Saudi Arabia to the status of a major world power is a factor which has dominated much of White history from around 800 AD right through to the present day - indeed, many of the growing conflicts in the contemporary world can be ascribed to this militant and fierce religion.

Although Islam, like Christianity, originated in the Semitic world, and is thus formally outside the scope of this book, it is however, like Christianity, vital to understand this religion as it has played, and continues to play, an important role in affecting European history.

Started by an Arab, Mohammed, (570 AD - 632 AD) in the Arabian peninsula (today's Saudi Arabia) around the year 590 AD, Islam is essentially a reworking of Judaism and Christianity (the Muslim God, Allah, is identified in the Muslim holy book, the Koran, as the same one in Judaism and Christianity) and all three religions share many of the same Old Testament characters such as Jacob etc..

The Koran even features Jesus Christ, only differing with Christianity by saying that Christ was not the son of God but just another prophet like the others mentioned in the Old Testament. It is presumed, but unproven, that Mohammed gained his knowledge of Judaism and Christianity from his Jewish wife.

Mohammed was by all accounts a dynamic person. Claiming to be God's final and true prophet, he persuaded large masses of people that he was right. Pulling together the scattered strands of Judaism and Christianity and then mixing it with some original Arabic customs, he created a powerful religious message which encouraged its supporters to convert others on pain of death.

Although fought under the guise of Christianity, the Crusades were in fact an overt race war. White armies set off from all over Europe to drive the non-Whites out of the Middle East. Here St. Bernard preaches the Second Crusade - there were varying degrees of response, but possibly one of the most interesting by-products of the Crusades was a flare up in anti-Jewish sentiment in Europe, as Jews were associated with the Muslims in Palestine. Indeed, when Jerusalem was finally conquered by the White Crusaders, they proceeded to massacre all Muslims and Jews alike.

ISLAM EXPANDS BY FORCE

Swiftly the followers of his religion subdued first the Arabian peninsula. They then turned their attention to the neighboring territories (then still formally part of the Eastern Roman Empire) and in quick succession occupied Syria, Iraq, Persia and a large slice of Turkey.

In 640 AD, Egypt, then still part of the Eastern Roman Empire, was overrun by the Islamic armies. Expanding westwards along the North African coast, by 711 AD, the Muslims crossed the straits of Gibraltar and entered Spain, penetrating into southern France, where they were eventually turned back in 732 AD at the Battle of Tours.


ASSAULT ON BYZANTINE - CONSTANTINOPLE HOLDS OUT

The Eastern Roman Empire viewed the rise of Islam with alarm. Forgetting that the God of the Christian Bible was the same being as the Allah in the Koran and instead dealing with the reality that a blatant racial war was brewing between the Non-white Muslims and White Europe, the Eastern Romans immediately tried to prevent the spread of the new religion.

They were however fighting a hopeless rear guard action. Facing fanatical Muslim warriors engaging in a Jihad, or Holy War, the Eastern Roman army, not even a shadow of the former armies of Imperial Rome, could not hold back the tide.

By 1071, the Byzantine armies were defeated at the Battle of Manzikert, and all of Turkey fell to Islam and the Seljuk Turks, leaving only Constantinople at the very western part of that country as a small Christian citadel defying the Islamic giant in the East.

Simultaneously the Bulgars, Asiatics invaders from the East, had been pressing Constantinople from the Balkans. Although they were also temporarily turned back by the emperor Basil II (known as the "Bulgar-Slayer" - he once blinded 1500 captured Bulgars and sent them marching back to the enemy camp with only a few one eyed guides) they kept up a continual pressure from the Balkans.

By the end of the year 1001 AD, the Eastern Roman Empire, Byzantine, consisted of little more than the immediate territory surrounding the city of Constantinople itself.


EASTERN EMPIRE FALLS TO TURKS - 1453 AD

By 1250 AD, a new wave of Islamic soldiers, the Ottoman Turks, had emerged from Asia Minor. They crashed through the Christian defenses and finally in 1453, Constantinople itself fell to Islam.

The Eastern Roman Empire formally came to an end, but of course, like Rome, the last true Romans had vanished many hundreds of years earlier, and the Islamic armies were only held off for as long as they were by the use of large numbers of White European mercenaries and volunteers - the city itself was largely inhabited by people who were, like the Turks, largely racially mixed.

Left: The tomb of a Crusader Knight in Dorchester Abbey, England. The Knight has been captured at the moment of death, his face in a grimace as he tries to pull his sword from its scabbard. The name of the knight is unknown, but that he was a Crusader is unquestioned - all Crusader tombs of this nature had the convention of crossed legs as their identifying marker.

THE CRUSADES - 200 YEARS OF RACE WAR

In the period leading up to the fall of Constantinople, the second major overtly racial war between the White race and the Middle Eastern mixed races broke out, taking the form of a series of armies attacking the nations of Islam in a period running for nearly 200 years: from 1095 to the middle of the thirteenth century.

Originally the term Crusade was applied only to the White Christian efforts to capture the city of Jerusalem in Palestine from the Muslims, but very soon it came to refer to any military effort by the Whites against the darker races of the Middle East.

Some in Europe seized the opportunity to attack Jews in mainland Europe itself at the same time, associating them with the Muslims in Palestine and then in Islamic Moorish occupied Spain and elsewhere.

The Crusaders also created a series of relatively short lived feudal states in the Near East, the first European colonies outside the European mainland.


CATHOLIC CHURCH PROVIDES POLITICAL UNITY FOR CRUSADES

It was the growth in the power of the church which created the political unity which made it possible for White Europe to go on the offensive against the non-White invasion. In particular it was the reverence for the Pope as head of the Christian church which played a crucial role in getting the increasing number of Christian heads of state in Western Europe to take up arms.

While religious motivation was most certainly the prime driver of the initial crusades, there was also a very clear racial undercurrent which ran through the three centuries of warfare.

It is important to appreciate that the hostilities between the White Christians and the mixed race Arabic/Semitic Muslims was initiated by the non-Whites - in fact, just before the reign of the Frankish king Charlemagne, who died in 814 AD, Europe had suddenly been subjected to unprovoked, violent attack by the non-White Muslim world.


MUSLIMS THREATEN EUROPE

By 700 AD, Islamic armies had occupied North Africa and had destroyed what remained of the Gothic Vandal state.

The eastern shores of the Mediterranean, and most of Spain had been overrun by Islamic non-White armies from the Saudi Arabian peninsula. Islamic armies established bases in Italy, and were closing in on Constantinople. On all fronts, the Muslims seemed unstoppable.


APPEAL FROM POPE URBAN II

The idea of the crusades started officially with a speech by Pope Urban II at Clermont in France in November 1095. The Pope spoke about the advance of Islam, and called for a great Christian expedition to free Jerusalem from the newest Muslim nation to occupy the Middle East and Asia Minor, the Seljuk Turks (who were also threatening Constantinople - the then Byzantine emperor, Alexius I, had called on Western Christendom for help). These Muslims had also started attacking Christian pilgrims traveling to Palestine to visit sites holy to their religion.

Pope Urban's message spread like a holy quest, and almost immediately the White nations started preparing for what was to become a three century long race war.


THE FIRST CRUSADE (1095 - 1099 AD)

The First Crusade had as its explicit aim the capture of the city of Jerusalem in Palestine from the Muslims. In this aim it was successful - and the White Christians managed to hang on to an outpost in Palestine for very nearly two hundred years before finally being driven out by the Muslims.

The First Crusade did not attract any kings and very few nobles - most were middle class French speakers - which was why Whites in Palestine were referred to as Franks.

The First Crusade suffered however from internal organizational problems - it had no leader, no formal arrangement with Constantinople and also little idea of what else to do apart from occupying Jerusalem. The different groups used different routes to get to Constantinople, the kick off place for the crusade - some went by sea, some by land. As they marched east, they attracted further supporters along the way.

By the time they got to Constantinople however, the wonder on the European faces must have been apparent - they appeared to have as little in common with the Byzantine Empire as with the Muslims, not only racially, but even in language. The Byzantine Christians did not recognize the Pope, spoke Greek instead of Latin and had distinctly Middle Eastern art and architectural forms.

Those Crusaders who marched overland from France also took the opportunity to wage a pogrom at groups of Jews who had settled along the Rhine River, associating the Semites in France and Germania with the Semites they were marching against in Jerusalem.

Finally the various groups made their entrance to Constantinople - and then proceeded to march by foot across Turkey to Jerusalem. An army estimated to be between 25,000 and 30,000 strong went to war in what is today Syria, Lebanon and Israel.


THE SIEGE OF ANTIOCH - THE FIRST GREAT WHITE VICTORY

The city of Antioch, (now known as Antakya in Turkey) had been founded in 300 BC by Seleucus I, Alexander the Great's famous general who had established the Seleucid Kingdom of Syria. Under the Roman Empire, Antioch became the third most important city in the world, after Rome and Constantinople itself. The city however fell to the non-White Islamics in 1085 AD.

Antioch lay on the path to Palestine - the Crusaders could not hope to take possession of the latter land without first taking the fortress of Antioch - and as such it became one of the earliest major targets for the White army.

As the Crusaders approached Antioch, the Muslim defenders under Turcoman Yagji-Shah started killing all the remaining Whites in the city, along with any non-White Christians who had the misfortune to be present. This set the scene for the Battle of Antioch, and the White Crusaders repaid the non-White Muslims in kind when they had the opportunity.

Antioch was a purpose built city fortress. The defenses had been built by the Roman Emperor Justinian and maintained by the Byzantines. The walls were immense, with four hundred towers so spaced that every part of the wall was within bow shot. The final fortification was the citadel which rose 1000 feet above the city, a masterpiece of late Roman engineering.

Suffering deprivations of food and the inhospitable terrain, the White army settled down to a 15 month siege of the city. Fighting off two Muslim relief attempts, the Crusaders then managed to obtain supplies to build two forts, which they used to completely cut off all supply routes to the city.

Even so they could not break the city walls. Entrance was gained thanks to the treachery of an Armenian converted to Islam who was in charge of one of the towers. The Armenian let an advance party of Crusaders into the city who then opened the main gates for the rest of the White army.

By nightfall of 3 June 1099, the city was in White hands - and every non-White who had foolishly remained behind in the city was dead. The first great victory of the Crusade had been won and the Crusaders then drew up their forces for their assault on their real target - Jerusalem itself.


THE CAPTURE OF JERUSALEM

The city walls of Jerusalem had originally been built by the Roman Emperor Hadrian and, like Antioch, had been improved upon and repaired by both the Byzantines and the newer Muslim occupiers of the city. The city's water supply was from the original Roman system, which was still working in the 20th Century.

The governor of Jerusalem, Iftikhar ad-Duala, was confident he could hold off the Crusaders until a relief army arrived from Islamic held Egypt. He had Arab and Sudanese troops defending the immense walls, and he had taken the precaution of poisoning all but one of the water wells outside the city walls before the White army arrived. That one well was in an exposed position in clear shot of the city walls. Many Whites were killed trying to draw water, as the Muslims had planned.

In addition to that, he had ejected all the Christian - White or non-White - residents of the city, only allowing the Jews of Jerusalem to stay - a move which would have dire consequences for them.

The Crusaders started their siege of Jerusalem on 7 June 1099. Suffering terrible deprivations of food and water, they nonetheless kept up their assaults on the city, gradually wearing down the defenders despite the latter's stronger position. After several attempts to breach the walls with brute force and ladders, the Crusaders were supplied with building material and wood which they managed to scavenge for the surrounding sparsely vegetated countryside.

White knights laying siege to the
city of Jerusalem during the First
Crusade. After scavenging wood
from the surrounding countryside,
they built three siege towers, out
of sight of the city's defenders,
and used them in a night attack
on the huge walls. The Muslims
were astounded to see the siege
towers, built as they were out of
the very basic materials available
on the spot.

Finally three siege towers were built - out of sight of the besieged city's non-White garrison - and wheeled into place on the night of 13 July, to the recorded great astonishment of the city's defenders. Some 13,000 White soldiers then stormed the walls, suffering heavy losses. At last on midday of the 14th July, after over 16 hours of non-stop fighting, a part of the wall was taken. With a breach secured, ordinary ladders were then used to pour men over the wall, and into the city itself.

Seeing the defenses collapse, the defenders retreated into the citadel, a small surviving Muslim garrison negotiated the terms for their surrender - which included safe passage out of the city. They were the only Muslims to survive the fall of Jerusalem - the Crusaders, overjoyed and enraged at the same time for having at last won the city after so much suffering, proceeded to slaughter every Muslim they could find, men, women and children alike. According to the account of one Crusader, Raymond of Aguilers, the next morning when he went to visit the Temple area he had to work his way through corpses and blood that reached his knees.

The Jews had in the interim fled to their main synagogue. Accusing them of aiding the non-White Muslims - an accusation that had fact to it - the Crusaders showed the Jews no mercy. The synagogue was burnt down with every single Jew in Jerusalem dying in the inferno.


GODFREY OF BOUILLON - THE NORDIC KING OF JERUSALEM

The Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem was then established under two Frankish nobles, Godfrey of Bouillon, and his brother Baldwin. In addition, three other states were founded: the County of Tripoli, in modern Lebanon; the Principality of Antioch, in modern Syria; and the County of Edessa, in modern northern Syria and southern Turkey.

However, the Crusader states did not try to change the population make-up of the region by enforced migration or expulsion - nor did they even try to convert the natives. So it was that the first European colonies were created: ironically in the areas where once their now very distant racial cousins had once walked.


THE SECOND CRUSADE (1147 - 1148 AD) - MILITARY FAILURE

The First Crusade's success stunned the Muslims, built as it was on a combination of zeal and luck. Maintaining the Crusader states was more difficult - the foremost problem facing the White colonists was that they were completely dependent on White European recruits to man the forts and emplacements, surrounded as they were in a sea of dark Muslim faces.

Finally in 1144, Islamic armies stormed a major city, Edessa, on the Euphrates River. The Muslim world had announced its counter attack, and the Second Crusade was called by Pope Eugenius III. This time a large number of Christian sovereigns themselves joined the crusade - the German Holy Roman Emperor Conrad III and France's King Louis VII.

Conrad made the mistake of choosing the land route from Constantinople to Palestine, and a Muslim attack in Turkey destroyed his army. Louis' army was also the victim of numerous Muslim attacks, and although depleted, was the only major force to actually reach Jerusalem in 1148. An attempt to attack the city of Damascus was made - it failed and the French army gave up and returned home.

Following the failure of the Second Crusade, the Muslim armies launched a renewed assault on Jerusalem, capturing the city in 1187. So ended the Second Crusade - with heavy White casualties and military failure in the Middle East itself.

However, in what was later to become a pattern, the White English army, which had originally meant to take part in the crusade, stopped in what is now Portugal and instead attacked the Muslim occupied city of Lisbon, helping to drive out the Moors from northern Portugal. This was significant as it showed that the Crusades were now a war against non-White Islamics anywhere they could be found - not specifically against Muslims in Jerusalem.

Various holy orders of knights who took part in the Crusades were formed. The most famous being the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, called Hospitalers, and the Poor Knights of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon, called Templars.

Above: An illustration from a medieval manuscript showing Saladin resting the cross from King Richard during the Third Crusade.

THE THIRD CRUSADE (1189 - 1192 AD)

The failure of the Second Crusade caused a new crusade to be planned. Three White Christian kings announced their personal intentions of joining the fray: Richard I, the Lion-Hearted of England; Philip II of France; and Frederick I, called Frederick Barbarossa, the Holy Roman Emperor. Frederick Barbarossa, old and famous, died in 1189 on the way to Palestine and most of his army returned to Germany following his death.

Philip II and his army returned in 1191, not having achieved any significant military successes - only Richard remained to do battle with the non-Whites.

The Third Crusade failed however to take Jerusalem, instead seizing a number of cities along the Mediterranean coast. When Richard left the Middle East in 1192, a large part of Palestine - with the exception of Jerusalem - was back in Christian hands.


THE FOURTH CRUSADE (1201 - 1204)

Despite the exploits of Richard and the Third Crusade becoming legendary, the city of Jerusalem was never to be retaken by force of arms - only by diplomacy. This was despite Pope Innocent III calling for another crusade in 1199 to recapture Jerusalem.

This Fourth Crusade fell apart, however, before it began. The ruler of Venice agreed to transport French and Flemish Crusaders to Palestine - for a fee. Unable to pay this fee, the Crusaders struck a deal with the Venetians - they would help the Venetians to attack one of the city state's rivals, Zara, a Hungarian trading port on the Adriatic Sea, in return for passage to Palestine.

When Innocent III learned of the deal, he excommunicated the Crusaders - but the combined Venetian/French/Flemish force captured Zara in 1202. Unleashed of obligation to serve Rome, the Fourth Crusade turned into a free-for-all, with the participants finally attacking Constantinople, with which they had as little in common as with Jerusalem.

The city fell on 13 April 1204, and for three days the Crusaders sacked the city. The Latin Empire of Constantinople was established, which lasted until the recapture of Constantinople by the Byzantine emperor in 1261. This Fourth Crusade - which was completely diverted away from its original purpose - also saw the creation of several new Crusader states in Greece and along the Black Sea.


THE CHILDREN'S CRUSADE (1212) - RESULTS IN SLAVERY FOR CHILDREN

Although not formally listed by historians as one of the seven crusades, the Children's Crusade was nevertheless a pathetic attempt by approximately 30,000 White children to conquer the so called "holy land" of Palestine after the failure of the Fourth Crusade.

Believing that the Christian God would not abandon them, the youths Stephen of Vendrone (France) and Nicholas of Cologne (Germany) organized a crusade of children to save the "holy land" - this crusade never reached further than the southern Mediterranean coast when most of the children - all under the age of 18 - were captured and sold into slavery by Arabic pirates.

The Children's Crusade stands as one of the worst blots on the book of Christianity, along with the civil wars of the Reformation era.


THE FIFTH CRUSADE (1228 - 1229)

The German Holy Roman Emperor, Frederick II, undertook to start a new Crusade in 1215, but domestic political reasons caused him to delay the start. Finally he sailed from Italy in 1227, but sickness caused him to return to port after a few days.

The Pope promptly excommunicated him for the continual delays. Despite this snub, Frederick sailed for Palestine in 1228 once again. Instead of fighting, Frederick landed his impressive army and through a combination of negotiations and blackmail with his army standing ready, actually managed to negotiate a peace treaty with the Muslims. In terms of this treaty, Jerusalem was returned to the Christians and a ten year cessation of hostilities was agreed.


THE SIXTH CRUSADE (1248 - 1254) - LOST BY FLOOD

In 1248 King Louis IX of France undertook a personal six year long crusade. The center of Muslim power had by now shifted to Egypt and Louis went straight there: any Muslim settlement anywhere was now fair game. Louis landed in Egypt in 1249 and quickly captured a significant beachhead in that country.

In 1250, he launched an attack on Cairo itself - and was badly defeated - not by force of arms, but by the Nile River irrigation system first invented by the very first great White Egyptian King, Menes, thousands of years previously. Waiting until the French army was in a vulnerable position, the Muslims opened the sluice gates, creating an artificial flood which trapped Louis, forcing him to surrender.

After paying a huge ransom and surrendering his beachhead on the Egyptian coast, the Muslims let Louis go free. He then went to Palestine and for the next four years spent his time building fortifications before returning to France in 1254.

Above: A Crusader built castle - Krak des Chevalier in Syria, mid 12th century (also Crac des Chevaliers, "fortress of the knights"). The Crusaders' failure to majority populate the areas they conquered with their own racial kind led to their disappearance in a very short while - so that now only their vast empty buildings stand as monuments to the spirit and heroism of the times.

THE SEVENTH CRUSADE (1270)

Louis was however clearly unhappy with his disastrous expedition to Egypt, and in 1270 he organized the last crusade. Raising a smaller army than before, Louis proceeded to launch an attack on the Muslim stronghold in Tunisia on the north African coast, at the site of the ancient city of Carthage. The Crusade was proceeding as planned when all of a sudden Louis died of natural causes in Tunisia - his army then lost the will to fight and returned to France.

The Crusader states established in the Muslim world did not last long. Hopelessly outnumbered in a sea of non-White foes, they were quickly reduced in size to a few major fortifications, and then finally the last major fort city, Acre, was overrun by Islamic armies in 1291.


THE AFTER EFFECTS OF THE CRUSADES

On a strict military level the Crusades were a failure and did not dislodge the Muslims from anywhere except in northern Portugal. However, this is an unfair dismissal of the efforts of the White nations who took part in the wars. The obstacles they had to overcome were formidable - vast distances, their total reliance on soldiers recruited voluntarily from mainland Europe, combined with the extremely poor communications and supply routes of the time; makes the fact that they were able to launch expeditions of this nature so far from home, a remarkable achievement all by itself.

The Crusades also had the effect of adding to the fervor to expel the Muslim non-White occupiers of Spain from the European continent - something which was finally achieved in just under 150 years after the last Crusade.

[Stefanus]

March of the Titans
A History Of The White Race

Chapter 22: Lessons in Decline: Spain and Portugal

Spain and Portugal are two countries in Western Europe which have both been marked by phases of great wealth and power and then decline - the classic characteristics of the rise and fall of civilizations. Bearing in mind the lessons already manifest from the ancient civilizations, it is therefore easy to look for the population shifts which, as always, closely track the rise and fall of all civilizations.

As to be expected with both Spain and Portugal, the population changes are also evident - and are also directly linked to the leading and then reduced roles these nations have played in not only White history, but also of world history.

PART ONE : SPAIN

FIRST INHABITANTS

The first inhabitants of the Iberian peninsula were the Old European peoples, who established a Neolithic, or farming culture in the region.

The next people to enter the Iberian peninsula after it had been settled by the Neolithic Old Europeans were the Semitic/Indo-European /Old European mix known as the Phoenicians, who had established trading posts on the southern coast of Spain prior to 1000 BC, working from their base in the city they founded in North Africa, Carthage. The Spanish towns of Cadiz, Malaga and Cordoba all date from this time.

Then the first pure Indo-Europeans arrived around 600 BC, when the Classical Greeks established colonies in the north eastern part of Spain. They later expanded southwards down into the modern day town of Valencia.


CELTS ARRIVE - CIRCA 500 BC

Around 500 BC, Indo-European invaders from Central Europe, the Celts, first crossed the Pyrenees mountains and settled in the western and northern parts of Spain. Later other groups of Celts overran even larger areas of Spain. All of this time the new arrivals had been slowly intermarrying with the original populations they had found.

Subsequently a number of these people - mixtures of Celts, Greeks, Old Europeans and Phoenicians, moved north into Southern France, forming today what is known as Gascony.

Above: Evidence of the Gothic Nordics in Spain. Two fine examples of extreme Nordic racial types which made up the population of the Iberian peninsula after the second great Indo-European invasion of that territory. Far right: The famous 'Lady of the Elche' circa 400 BC, Madrid; and alongside, Count Colonna, a Spanish general. (Engraving by Van Dyck).

One of the original Old European peoples to have remained largely unaffected by the racial comings and goings were the Basques in the north. Surrounded by mountains, the Basques avoided the integration process and their language represents one of the few surviving examples of the original Old European tongue. The Basques also retain to a certain degree the "dark" racial look of the Old European population.


CARTHAGE OCCUPIES CADIZ AND FOUNDS BARCELONA

In 480 BC, an army from the originally Phoenician founded city of Carthage in North Africa (Tunisia) was sent to help put down a local uprising in the town of Cadiz, a city which had retained close links with Carthage from the earliest times. The Carthaginian army never left Cadiz, and went on to establish Carthaginian control over large parts of Spain.

After the first Punic War between Rome and Carthage in 237 BC, the Carthaginians strengthened their bases in Spain, founding the cities of Cartagena and Barcelona. The Nordic Carthaginian general Hannibal used Spain as a jumping off place for his great invasion of Italy. The ultimate defeat of Carthage at the end of the Punic Wars saw all the Carthaginian colonies in Spain surrendered to Roman rule. It took 75 years for the Romans to finally establish strict control over all the Iberians, but after that they were to remain masters of Spain for the next five centuries. During this time the Romans were to create many of their long lasting architectural structures - the magnificent aqueduct at Segovia, which after 1,800 years still carries that town's water supplies, is a prime example.


SEPHARDIC JEWS

Spain, like many other areas in the Mediterranean Roman Empire, lay open to immigration from parts of the Middle East, and after the Diaspora of the Jews in AD 70, many Jews fleeing along the North African coast crossed the Straits of Gibraltar into Spain, becoming an established minority in that country. These were the Sephardim, or Sephardic Jews. As with Jewish communities everywhere, anti-Semitism followed them, with Spain being no exception.


NEW INDO-EUROPEAN INVASIONS - ALANS AND VANDALS

Roman rule in Spain was only ended in 409 AD when bands of Germanics: the Alans, the Vandals, the Suebians and others, crossed the Pyrenees and overthrew the Romanized Spaniards, setting up their own kingdoms.

These Indo-European invaders were followed in quick order by an invasion of Visigoths under their leader Adolf (brother in law of Alaric, the Goth who had sacked Rome in 410 AD). The Visigoths quickly routed everyone in Spain, and established an empire in that country which included a portion of Southern France as well. The first Visigoth capital was established in the modern French town of Toulouse.

Although the Visigoths had subdued the Vandals and Suebians, relations between the latter two groups proceeded to worsen over a number of domestic issues, and the two tribes went to war with each other around 420 AD.

The Vandals then started moving south, giving their name to the region known as Andalusia (from Vandalusia) and finally, in 429 AD, an 80,000 strong contingent of Vandals crossed the Straits of Gibraltar and seized the old Roman province of Africa (Tunisia and parts of Algeria - the old Carthaginian state).


VISIGOTH KINGDOM

The Visigoths, who were later to be strengthened by the arrival of the remnants of the Ostrogoths (who had been decimated by the advancing Huns) then reasserted their dominance in Spain, and set up a formal Gothic Christian kingdom in Spain which lasted from around 460 AD to 711 AD. The first Spanish Gothic king was Euric, who was the son of one of Atilla the Hun's great adversaries, Theodoric.


MIXED MARRIAGES PROHIBITED - GOTHIC LAW

One of the first laws which the Gothic kingdom in Spain established was a ban on all mixed marriages. Goths were only allowed to marry Goths, and punishment for violating this ban was burning at the stake.

This overtly racial law kept the intermixing of Goths with all others to an absolute minimum - and particularly with the growing Jewish population.

Gothic Spain settled down into a period of relative peace and resultant prosperity, with the only discordant note being sounded by the large Jewish population.

Partly because of a fanatic Christianizing zeal (which was common to all early Christians), partly because of Jewish domination of the Spanish financial world, and partly because of the exclusivity and separation which the Jewish religion gave to the Jews, ill feeling between the Christian Goths and Jews in Spain reached a height which had not been seen since the time of the Roman Jewish war 550 years previously.


CONVERSOS - JEWS FORCED TO BAPTISM

In 620 AD, the Spanish Gothic king, Sisbert, ordered 80,000 Jews to be baptized as Christians in an attempt to break Judaism in Spain. This was the start of the Conversos - Spanish Jews who publicly espoused Christianity but in secret kept up Jewish traditions. They were also known by the less complimentary name of Marranos - "pigs".

Although the 80,000 Jews baptized by Sisbert remained in Spain, about an equal number left Spain for other parts of Europe to escape the growing anti-Semitic feeling in Iberia. Their departure was not a moment too soon - 53 years later, in 673 AD, another Spanish Gothic king, Wamba, formally expelled all Jews from Spain who would not convert to Christianity.

Wamba's immediate predecessor, King Recesuinto, had taken a step which was to have far reaching consequences - he abolished the long standing ban on mixed marriages, replacing it with a law stating that anyone of Christian beliefs was allowed to marry anyone else of similar beliefs. Henceforth the only ban on intermarriage would be on religious grounds, not racial.

This step allowed any person of any racial origin, as long as they professed Christianity, to intermarry and mix with the Goths. In this way the first steps were taken that would lead towards the dissolution of the Gothic tribe in Spain.


NON-WHITE MUSLIMS INVADE SPAIN - 711 AD

In 711 AD, the non-White Muslim invasion finally reached Spain, having swept up out of the Saudi Arabian peninsula, conquered Egypt, Libya, Tunisia and North Africa to the Gibraltar Strait.

Launching a ferocious assault across the narrow strait, the Muslims defeated the Gothic kingdom in stages and managed to establish what became known as Moorish rule over the greatest part of Spain and Portugal, with only the very northern parts remaining in Gothic hands.


RECONQUEST - 700 YEARS LATER

The period of reconquest of Spain by the White Goths made up yet another great race war in Europe, a duel fought to the death which finally ended in 1492 AD when the last Moorish citadel, Granada in the south, surrendered to the White armies. (The full story and implications of the Moor/White race war in Spain is told in a following chapter). The reconquest of Spain from the Moors was ended with a general expulsion of all Jews who had not converted to Catholicism.

The prominent position held by many Jews in the Moorish administration of occupied Spain and their record of collaboration with the Moors was a significant factor in inciting anti-Jewish feeling of the time.

Above: Muslim cavalry come face to face with White knights in this illustration from a manuscript dating from 1337. Lightly armored Muslims such as these were no match for the heavily armored White soldiers, although clashes were by no means as uneven as this picture suggests. Ultimately the Whites in Spain gained the upper hand over the Muslim invaders, although it took 700 years to drive the last Islamic invader off the European continent.

250,000 MIXED RACE PEOPLES EXPELLED BY PHILIP II

The Moors had occupied Spain for over 700 years, so it was inevitable that they would have mixed with the local population over whom they ruled. In this way a not insignificant amount of Moorish - in reality mixed race Arabic/Black - blood entered a few Spanish families in the southernmost parts of Spain and Portugal.

The Gothic Spaniards did however recognize this as an issue, and in 1609, the Spanish king, Philip III, ordered the physical expulsion of some 250,000 "Moriscos" or Christianized Moors from the country, purely on the basis of their race and not their religion - a marked difference to the earlier expulsion of the Jews, who, if genuinely converted to Catholicism, were allowed to stay.

The vast majority of these Christianized Moors were in reality of mixed race - part Moorish, part White Spanish (hence their adherence to Christianity).

This remarkable example of the expulsion on racial grounds was a major reason why the infusion of Moorish blood into Spain was not as significant as it could have been, and thus played only a minor contributing role in the creation of the dark looks for which some Spaniards are still known today.


SPANISH INQUISITION AND FINAL EXPULSION OF THE JEWS

In 1478 AD, the Spanish king and queen, Ferdinand and Isabella, launched what became famous throughout the world as the Spanish Inquisition - in theory an attempt to enforce religious uniformity, but in reality a political tool through which the Spanish tried to drive out the last of the Conversos, making it into a primarily anti-Jewish campaign.

However, all sorts of "heretics" - people who disputed the Catholic version of Christianity, were also persecuted, with approximately 2,000 people being burned at the stake during the time of the Inquisition.

Finally in 1492 AD, the Spanish expelled all the Jews from Spain who had still not converted to Christianity.


SPAIN'S GOLDEN AGE - RULED BY "BLUE BLOOD"

Although a certain amount of mixing with the Moors in Southern Spain had taken place, by the time of the expulsion of the last Moors from Spain, the majority of Whites had not mixed with the Muslim invaders, and remained true to their Gothic lineage, absorbing only a number of Sephardic Jews who had truly converted to Catholicism.

The very expression "blue blood" comes from Spain of this time - the ruling Visigoth nobles had such white skins that the blue arteries were visible on their faces, creating the expression of blue blood and its link to nobility which has lasted to this day.

A series of calculated steps were then taken by the re-established and vigorous Gothic kingdom which led directly to the Golden Age of Spain. The Spanish word for gentleman, hildago, in fact means literally the "son of the Goth" and the great Spanish rulers Ferdinand and Isabella, who led the liberation from Moorish rule, were both red headed Goths.


THE AMERICAS

In 1492, the Germanic Lombard, Christopher Columbus, succeeded in persuading the Spanish royalty that the earth was indeed round (as had been predicted by the ancient Indo-European Greeks and reconfirmed by the Roman-Greek astronomers at Alexandria around the year 200 BC) and that he could sail to the then newly discovered continent of India by sailing west instead of east, as the other European nations were doing.

Financed by the Spanish court, Columbus sailed west, discovering not a new path to India but instead finding Central America. So convinced was he that he had in fact found India, that the native peoples discovered in the Americas were called Indians, a name which has stuck to this day.

Columbus' voyages were followed by Spain's expansion into the Americas and by the 1550s Spain controlled most of South America, Central America, Florida, Cuba, and, in Asia, the Philippine Islands. This empire brought enormous wealth to Spain, and it became a major power in Europe.


THE SPANISH EMPIRE GROWS

By 1516, through a series of royal family connections and outright conquest, Spain controlled Southern Italy, the Netherlands and Burgundy in France, with the Spanish king being elected "Holy Roman Emperor" by the Pope, an attempt by the Catholic Church to cast itself as the successor to the Classical Roman Empire.

In 1580, the King of Portugal died and the Spanish and Portuguese thrones were united due to a family connection. Portuguese resentment was placated by a number of self-rule concessions. The addition of Portugal to Spain meant not only the acquisition of the Portuguese colonial possessions, but also of the vast numbers of Black slaves that Portugal was dealing in, both at home and abroad.

The addition of the Portuguese colonial possession to Spain's already substantial colonies created that was the largest empire in the world at the time.


EUROPEAN WARS

The spread of the Protestant rebellion amongst Christians in Spain led the still heavily pro-Catholic state to start persecuting these new heretics as well. This, combined with the attempts to hold onto the Protestant Netherlands led directly to war with newly Protestant England, which ultimately led in turn to the famous Thirty Years War, which was followed by war with France in 1635.

Above: Action stations aboard a Spanish warship during the eventful battle off the English coast in 1588 which saw a large invasion fleet defeated by the English navy after an epic three day engagement. Note the close quarters of the fighting and the early Spanish cannon.

The Spanish Armada, a great fleet sent to conquer the English, was dramatically defeated by superior British organization. It was a defeat, which, combined with the effects of the colonial policy and the demographic shift in Spain itself, from which the once mighty Goths were not to recover.


COLONIAL POLICY AND THE IMPORTATION OF BLACK SLAVES

Spanish colonial policy was different from colonial policies being pursued by other White nations in Europe (with the exception of Portugal, which followed the Spanish example).

Instead of colonizing their acquisitions with millions of their own people, the Spanish used their colonial possessions purely as economic resources. Spanish men who went to South America, the Caribbean or even North America, did not take families or Spanish women with them. The result was a massive degree of mixing with the local populations in the Spanish colonies, producing an overwhelmingly mixed race population still prevalent in Central and Southern America.

In addition to this, the Spaniards, like most other European nations, became users of Black slaves in its colonies - millions of Blacks were imported to South and Central America, adding a further dimension to the racial mix in those territories.

However, also in common with Portugal, a large number of Black slaves were imported into Spain itself. It is a matter of debate exactly how many of these slaves were absorbed into the Spanish population, and this admixture has contributed to the mixed race element found in Spain today.


GYPSIES - SPAIN'S FIVE CENTURIES LONG IMMIGRATION INVASION

As if the Black slaves and Moorish occupation was not enough, Spain's racial character has also been significantly affected by a five century long immigration of Gypsies, dark wandering nomads who had their origin in India itself. The Gypsies spread throughout Europe but concentrated in Spain and Romania, where their numbers are in the millions.

In Spain, the Gypsies occupied large areas to the point where significant parts of what is thought of as Spanish culture - for example the "Flamenco" dance - is in fact Gypsy in origin. In this way, much of what is regarded as Spanish is actually Gypsy, and it can be argued with a fair degree of certainty that the Gypsy element in Spain's current mixed race population is very high - possibly even a majority, given that the Spaniards expelled both Moors and other mixed race elements during that country’s history.

The official 1992 estimate of the number of Gypsies in Spain was around 600,000 - like all official figures, it is most likely an underestimation and does not include the vast number of mixed race Spanish/Gypsy people who display the classic "dark" appearance so incorrectly associated with true Spaniards.

It would however be incorrect to paint every single Spaniard with this same brush - many Spaniards did not mix with either the Moors, Black slaves or the Gypsies. These people remained strongest in the north of Spain.

SPAIN: THE RACIAL DIVISIONS EMERGE: Spain: The racial divisions emerge. This famous painting, above, by El Greco, (1548 -1614), "Saint Martin and the Beggar", is a vivid depiction of the emerging division of Spain into those who had mixed with the non-White Muslims and those who had not. Saint Martin is portrayed as completely White. The beggar is clearly of mixed race. Insets compare the faces of the two characters in this painting.

SPAIN'S DECLINE AS A GREAT POWER FOLLOWS MISCEGENATION

The change in the racial face of Spain, combined with its disastrous European wars, brought about that country's decline as a great power, perfectly in line with the law that societies create cultures in the image of their populations, and change those societal norms as their populations change.

Spain is a significant example of this principle, because, like Italy after the Germanic Lombard invasion, that country essentially became a bi-racial nation: White in the North, with a gradually darkening population to the south.

By 1648, Spain had been so weakened that it conceded Dutch independence in that year. French provinces were handed back to France in 1659, and Portugal was once again granted independence in 1668.


FURTHER SPANISH WARS

In 1701, the Austrian and French royal families, the Habsburgs and Bourbons both claimed the Spanish throne, leading to the War of the Spanish Succession, which involved much of Europe until 1713. The enfeebled Spanish Empire was divided up amongst the other European powers - its European possessions went to Austria, and the Spanish throne and the majority of the overseas empire was given to France.

The French Revolution of 1789 and inter-European upheavals led to Spain's conquest by Napoleon Bonaparte. Installing his brother as Spanish king, Napoleon turned Spain into little more than a French province.

With its own population effectively divided into White and non-White and ruled by the French, Spain was not able to hold what remained of its former glory together. The South American colonies began to win their independence - only Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines and Guam remaining under nominal Spanish rule by the late 1800s.


THE FIRST REPUBLIC - 1868 AD

With the defeat of Napoleon in 1814, the Spanish royal family reclaimed the throne, but the country continued to be in disarray. A civil war erupted, ending in 1868 when the first republic of Spain was declared and the Spanish royal family deposed. Anarchy followed, and a counter revolution by a group of generals restored the monarchy in 1874.

Spain then lost its last overseas possessions after a revolt in Cuba, which was supported by the United States of America, resulting in the American-Spanish war of 1898. Spain was easily routed in this conflict, and was forced to cede Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines to America.


WORLD WAR ONE AND THE SECOND REPUBLIC

Spain remained neutral during the First World War (1914 to 1918), but still suffered severe social, political and economic chaos, with its mixed race population continually reproducing faster than the Whites, thereby exponentially increasing their proportion of the population.

Political unrest then led to the voluntary exile of the Spanish king in 1931 and the declaration of the Second Spanish Republic in that year.

FRANCO USES MOORISH TROOPS

The Second Republic was however short lived. A military revolt in 1936 developed into a full scale civil war between supporters of the Republic - mostly Communists - and Spanish Nationalists.

Left: General Francisco Franco, victor in the Spanish Civil War, albeit with significant German and Italian help. Although widely dismissed as a Fascist or a Nazi, he was in fact neither, merely an old style autocrat. Allegedly part Jewish, he refused to join Hitler during the Second World War, and was not averse to using non-White troops if it suited him. His invasion of Spain, which started the Spanish Civil War, was launched from North Africa using Arab troops under his command. It was merely the anti-Communism of his political position and the possibility of a military exercise which persuaded Hitler and Mussolini to lend his forces assistance.

The Communists received material aid from the Communist International and from the Soviet Union. In turn the nationalists received material aid from the leading anti-Communist powers of the time, Fascist Italy under Benito Mussolini and Nazi Germany under Adolf Hitler.

Finally, as a direct result of German military intervention in the Spanish Civil War, the Nationalists under General Francisco Franco overwhelmed the Communists. Due to the assistance given to Franco by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy, Franco has long been classed as a fascist.

In fact he was neither a fascist or a Nazi. Part Jewish, Franco had initiated his attack on the Communist republic from across the Straits of Gibraltar with an army composed initially of Black Spanish soldiers, an indication of not only the racially integrated nature of Spanish society, but also of Franco's antipathy towards any racial politics.

A photograph of non-White Moor (center) serving in Franco's army, here pictured at the battle of Navercaerno during the Civil War, 1936. Franco in fact launched his invasion of Republican Spain from a Spanish colony in North Africa, initially using virtually only Moorish troops such as these. Communist Republican soldiers surrender to Franco's Nationalist soldiers during the Spanish Civil War, 1936.

For these reasons Franco refused to enter the Second World War on Hitler's side, as was widely expected, thereby keeping the Straits of Gibraltar open for the Allies, a move that was to prove crucial in the conduct of the war.

After the Second World War many countries associated Spain with the Nazis, and the Franco government went into a period of isolation. However, the growth of the conflict between the Soviet Union and the capitalist West under the leadership of the United States (called the Cold War because it never broke out into a shooting or "hot" war), Spain became regarded as an ally against Communism, and by 1955 the country's isolation had been broken and Spain was finally admitted to the United Nations.

Spain's history since then has been unremarkable: in 1975, Franco died and the country became a constitutional democratic monarchy in 1977. This did not satisfy the still independence minded Basques in the north of the country, some of whom continue to wage a violent guerrilla war, mostly without any political success.

[Stefanus]

March of the Titans
A History Of The White Race

Chapter 22: Lessons in Decline: Spain and Portugal


PART TWO: PORTUGAL

Because of the close proximity to Spain, the development of Portugal mirrors its larger Iberian neighbor in virtually all respects except one - it absorbed a far larger number of Black slaves during its slave trading era, and is therefore as a nation substantially more miscegenated than the vast majority of Spaniards, even those who themselves are of obvious mixed heritage.


THE FIRST INHABITANTS - OLD EUROPEANS

The first inhabitants of Portugal were the Old Europeans, who in turn were overrun by successive waves of the same peoples who occupied Spain - the mixed Old European/Indo-European Carthaginians - the original Romans - then the Indo-European Alans, Vandals and Visigoths, all of whom left their genetic imprint on the population.


LUSITANIA - PROVINCE OF ROME

Portugal was occupied along with Spain by the Romans during the 2nd Century BC and incorporated into the province of Lusitania. Roman rule was uninterrupted for over 500 years, during which time the country advanced thanks to the importation of Roman technological and organizational skills, like all of the Roman Empire at that stage. The collapse of the Western Roman Empire saw the Visigoths establish their kingdom in Iberia, with the region known as Portugal forming a part of the Visigothic state.


THE MOORISH INVASION

The non-White Muslim invasion of 711 AD, saw a large part of southern Portugal falling under Moorish rule for several centuries. The liberation of Portugal during the mid 15th Century by the rejuvenated Gothic king and queen, Ferdinand and Isabella, saw the region re-organized into a feudal country composed of Spanish fiefs. Portugal derived its name from one of these fiefs, the Comitatus Portaculenis, which was based around the Roman established port of Portus Cale (known today as Oporto).

Above: A Nordic Portuguese king, killed by the non-White Moor invaders. King Sebastian bravely led his countrymen against the invading Moors, but was killed in battle with them in 1578.

PORTUGUESE INDEPENDENCE UNDER ALFONSO I

In 1139 AD, a leading Portuguese nobleman, Alfonso Henriques, declared Portugal independent from the Spanish royalty and took the title Alfonso I, with his descendants finally expelling the last of the Muslim Moors from Portuguese territory by 1279 - some 160 years before they were thrown out of Spain itself.

In 1497, the Portuguese King, Emanuel, mirrored the Spanish example and expelled non-Christian Jews and all Christianized Moors. A law was also introduced which forbid persons of mixed race from holding public office - the law had as its formal title the "Purity of Blood Law".

In addition to this, similar restrictions were placed on what was called "New Christians" - Jews who had converted to Christianity to avoid persecution by the Inquisition, which also reached into Portugal.


PORTUGAL'S LEAD IN EXPLORATION

Independent and vigorous, the largely Gothic Portuguese then led the way in the exploration of the rest of the world. Portuguese enthusiasm for exploration was exemplified by Henry the Navigator who became famous for promoting voyages in a new type of ship specially designed for sailing the wide oceans - the caravel.

With these caravels, the Portuguese explored the world - in 1418, they discovered the island of Madeira and the Azores were first sighted in 1427.

A successful Portuguese military campaign in Morocco resulted in the capture of Ceuta, which was followed up by the capture of Tangiers by 1438. By 1444, the Portuguese had sailed to Cape Verde and by 1460, they had reached Sierra Leone. In 1482, a Portuguese settlement was made in present-day Ghana.

Above: A caravel, or sea going ship in the time of Vasco da Gama. The caravel was so perfectly designed for long haul ocean voyages that this gave the Portuguese of the time a huge advantage over other White seafaring nations in their ability to explore the new world. The caravel also, however, enabled the Portuguese to import massive numbers of Black slaves into Portugal itself - an act which was to cost that country dearly and permanently.

The Portuguese explorer, Bartholomew Diaz, became the first White to sail round the southern tip of Africa in 1488. Ten years later, in 1498, the Portuguese explorer, Vasco da Gama, became the first White to sail round Africa to India, opening the sea trade route to India.

In 1510, the Portuguese occupied Goa in India - in 1511, Malacca in Malaysia , the Moluccas in 1514 and Hormuz Island in the Persian Gulf in 1515.

As a consequence of these and other dramatic discoveries, Portugal built up a huge colonial empire, stretching from South America to Africa and Asia.


SLAVERY: PORTUGAL'S UNDOING

As a direct result of her massive colonial empire, Portugal was, by the middle of the 16th Century, one of the wealthiest and most powerful countries in Europe. However, within a matter of 100 years, this once mighty nation virtually disappeared off the world stage.

As with all changes in the fortunes of nations, this dramatic decline was linked directly to a shift in the population make-up of Portugal.

Like Spain, but unlike the other European colonial powers, Portuguese colonial policy was built on two legs. Firstly, no attempt was made to populate her colonies with masses of her own people.

Instead, bands of lone male explorers were sent out to exploit the colonies for the financial gain of Portugal, and the lack of families or Portuguese women led directly to the creation of a massive number of mixed race populations in the Portuguese colonies, one of the best examples being Brazil.

Secondly, Portugal imported masses of Black slaves into its own territory, starting in 1441, when the first ship full of Black slaves arrived in Lisbon. Black slaves continued to be imported in such large numbers that by 1550, they officially made up ten percent of the population of Portugal's capital, Lisbon.

Above: In the 15th century, a huge number of Black slaves were imported into Portugal, later to be completely absorbed into mainstream Portuguese society. in this 15th century Portuguese painting, a Black domestic servant is shown serving supper to a White Portuguese family.

SLAVE POPULATION COMPLETELY INTERMARRIED WITH PORTUGUESE

There were no social restrictions on the Black population, and intermarriage was as frequent as not. Over the passage of time, the entire Black population was completely absorbed into the Portuguese population, to the point where by the start of the 20th Century, there were no full-blooded Blacks left in Portugal at all.

While not every Portuguese person today is a product of this absorption process, it is true to say that a very large number of Portuguese today are in fact of mixed racial descent, with a small amount of Moorish blood, dating from that non-White race's occupation of the Iberian peninsula, thrown in for good measure.

The absorption of the ten percent Black population into the Portuguese population also identically mirrors the disappearance of Portugal as a world power. The Portuguese of the Age of Discoveries and those of today are essentially two different peoples. The effects of the absorption of the Black slaves has retarded Portugal's history ever since. Today that country has long been acknowledged as the most backward country in Europe with an illiteracy rate of over 30 per cent.


PORTUGAL'S OBSCURITY

The rapid decline of Portugal following the intake of the vast numbers of Black slaves mirrors her decline.

In 1580, Spain annexed Portugal after the Portuguese king died heirless, and only regained its independence in 1680 once Spain itself had also gone into decline for precisely the same reasons - although the admixture of Black slaves into Spain was never as far reaching as it was in Portugal.

After 1600, Portuguese domination of trade with the East Indies was lost to the Dutch and the English.


PURITY OF BLOOD LAW REPEALED

Partly in response to objections from the mixed race element in society, and partly in response to the reality that many Portuguese citizens were already of mixed racial heritage, the Purity of Blood Law was repealed in 1773, the same year that slavery was abolished in Portugal itself, and the restrictions on the "New Christians" (the Jews) in that country, were lifted.

In 1807, when Napoleon Bonaparte of France threatened Portugal, the royal family transferred the government to Brazil, returning only in 1820 after Napoleon's final defeat.

Thereafter Portugal went into a long period of social, political and economic chaos, with a king being assassinated in 1908 and a republic being declared. Portugal became embroiled in the First World War on the side of the Allies, rumbling through intermittent periods of disturbance until the republic was overthrown in a military coup in 1926.

Again maintaining its neutrality during the Second World War, the military dictatorship established in 1926 lasted until 1974, when another coup saw a left wing socialist government installed, which duly arranged democratic elections in Portugal.

Above: It is untrue to say that all Portuguese are of mixed descent. A large number are not, as is evidenced by these three portraits of the King of Portugal in 1908, Dom Carlos, (center) and his two sons - all fine Nordic racial types. However, it is equally true to say that a large number of present day inhabitants of Portugal are indeed of mixed racial descent - either part Black - from the huge Black African slave trade into that country - or part Moorish, dating from the nearly 700 year of Moorish occupation.

COLONIAL WARS

Although Portugal declined quickly as a world force, she managed to hang on to scattered colonies in Asia and Africa.

However, most of the Portuguese colonies in Asia were lost, never to be regained, during the Second World War when the Japanese overran most of the region.

The only remaining Portuguese possessions in Asia, Goa and Macau, were handed over to India in 1961 and China in 1987 respectively. In 1976, Portuguese Timor was occupied by Indonesian forces.


CITIZENSHIP TO AFRICAN COLONIES - FINAL NAIL IN COFFIN

In Africa the primary colonies were Angola, Mozambique and Guinea-Bissau. Refusing to bow to the post World War Two decolonization process, Portugal found itself embroiled in a vicious insurgency war with Black African nationalists in both Angola and Mozambique, despite a massive degree of mixing with the local population taking pace, as was the Portuguese colonial norm.

In addition to the actual physical integration, as early as 1961, Portugal extended Portuguese citizenship to Africans in all these territories, giving them the right to enter and reside in Portugal - an offer which hundreds of thousands, perhaps over a million, took up. The parallel with the granting of citizenship to all free persons in the Roman Empire in 212 AD, cannot be missed.

Finally the Portuguese withdrew from all their colonies, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique, the Cape Verde Islands, Sao Tome and Principe, and Angola, without warning directly after the 1974 coup. The immediate effect for Portugal was an another huge influx of several hundred thousand colonial ex-pats, a vast number of whom brought their Black wives and mixed race children with them away from the chaos of the colonies.


THE LESSON OF PORTUGAL

Portugal's dramatic and extremely quick decline from the most powerful and richest country in Western Europe to the most backward and poor country in that region, contains an extremely significant lesson. It only required an influx and absorption of just over ten per cent of non-White blood into mainstream Portuguese society to cause a significant shift in population make-up of that country. This shift in make-up immediately affected Portugal's position and status in the world, with its decline being clearly linked to the absorption process.

ACADEMIC FRAUD EXPOSED - HOW HISTORY IS BEING TWISTED How history is being rewritten to suit the politically correct dogma and also how unreliable modern academics have become is revealed in the following three extracts from Encyclopedias, all dealing with the subject of the population of Portugal. The first extract, below, is from the 1911, 11th edition, of the Encyclopedia Britannica, and deals very bluntly with the fact of the importation - and absorption - of Black slaves into Portugal. It describes the Portuguese population as being "composed of many racial elements." The second extract, below, is from the 1998, 15th edition, of the Encyclopedia Britannica - in the new version, the Black racial influence has been completely written out, and the article goes on to state that the Portuguese population is one of the "most homogeneous in Europe" - a blatant lie. The third extract, below, is from the Colliers Encyclopedia of 1966, also ignores the Black racial element in the Portuguese population but goes on to state that "there is no typical Portuguese. Some are short, some are tall; some have fair skin; some have a sallow or dark complexion, some have brown eyes, others have blue." The reader could be forgiven for thinking that both the modern so-called "Encyclopedia" are talking about completely different countries - evidence of not only the deliberate policy of suppressing the truth of race in history, but also of malicious academic fraud.